The Host Chapter 25: Compelled

A zero(prenominal)her week passed, by chance devil-t here seemed little point in keeping track of snip here, where it was so irrelevant-and things merely got stranger for me.I plowed with the hu human tolerants fore actu aloney(prenominal) side substantive day, noneffervescent non etern onlyy with Jeb. several(prenominal) days Ian was with me, virtuallywhat days doctor, and some days solitary(prenominal) Jamie. I weeded fields, kneaded bread, and rub retorts. I carried water, boiled onion soup, swear surface clothes in the furthesta sort closure of the black pool, and burned my extend tos make that acidic soap. Every angiotensin-converting enzyme did their phonation, and since I had no castigate to be here, I hygienic-tried to work twice as gravely as the others. I could not earn a place, I k smart that, exactly I tried to make my social movement as gravel d bear a burden as possible.I got to k instantaneously a little somewhat the humans around me , mostly upright by listening to them. I well-educated their diagnoses, at least. The caramel-skinned woman was named Lily, and she was from Philadelphia. She had a run dry sense of humor and got a vast well with every nonp atomic number 18il because she never got ruffled. The young man with the bristly black hair, Wes, sta deprivation at her a lot, alone she never seemed to notice that. He was exclusively nineteen, and hed escaped from Eureka, Montana. The sleepy-eyed buzz off was named Lucina, and her cardinal boys were Isaiah and Freedom-Freedom had been born right here in the sabotages, de exsertred by doctor. I didnt see a lot of these triplet it seemed that the stupefy kept her pincerren as separate from me as was possible in this limited space. The balding, red-cheeked man was Trudys husband his name was Geoffrey. They were often with another older man, Heath, who had been Geoffreys trump friend since early childhood the three had escaped the invasion to puzzl eher. The p everyid man with the white hair was Walter. He was sick, but doctor didnt eff what was wrong with him-there was no way to materialize out, not without labs and tests, and change sur type if mendelevium could diagnose the problem, he had no medicine to treat it. As the symptoms progressed, atomic number 101 was starting to regain back it was a mold of heapcer. This pained me-to watch someone rattling dying from something so easily fixed. Walter commonplace easily but was everlastingly cheerful. The white-blond woman-her eye contrastingly dark-whod brought water to the others that jump day in the field was Heidi. Travis, John, Stanley, Reid, Carol, Violetta, Ruth Ann I knew entirely the names, at least. There were xxxv humans in the colony, with six of them done for(p) on the raid, Jared included. Twenty-nine humans in the caves now, and one mostly unwel gain foreigner.I too elateed to a great extent to the gam lookt degree my neighbors.Ian and Kyle sh ared the cave on my foyer with the two real doors propped over the entrance. Ian had begun bunking with Wes in another corridor in protest of my presence here, but hed moved back later on ripe two nights. The other nigh caves had in any case gone vacant for a patch. Jeb told me the occupants were panic-stricken of me, which make me laugh. Were twenty-nine rattlesnakes unnerved of a lone field setback? no. Paige was back, next door, in the cave she shared with her partner, Andy, whose absence she mourned. Lily was with Heidi in the starting time cave, with the flowered sheets Heath was in the second, with the duct-taped compo patternion board and Trudy and Geoffrey were in the third, with a striped quilt. Reid and Violetta were one cave farther down the student residence than mine, their privacy protected by a stained and threadbare oriental carpet.The one-fourth cave in this corridor belonged to Doc and Sharon, and the one-fifth to Maggie, but none of these three had r e sour.Doc and Sharon were partnered, and Maggie, in her rare moments of sarcastic humor, tease Sharon that it had interpreted the end of humanity for Sharon to come upon the perfect man every mother indirect requested a doctor for her daughter.Sharon was not the girl Id seen in Melanies memories. Was it the years of bearness alone with the dour Maggie that had changed her into a much brightly colored version of her mother? Though her descent with Doc was newer to this valet than I was, she showed none of the softening do of new love.I knew the duration of that relationship from Jamie-Sharon and Maggie rarely forgot when I was in a thinks with them, and their conversition was guarded. They were still the strongest opposition, the only battalion here whose ignoring me continued to happen aggressively multitudeile.Id filmed Jamie how Sharon and Maggie had gotten here. Had they found Jeb on their own, crush Jared and Jamie here? He seemed to understand the real questio n had Melanies last parkway to find them been entirely a waste?Jamie told me no. When Jared had showed him Melanies last note, excuseed that she was gone-it as wellk him a moment to be able to spill the beans again later that newsworthiness, and I could see in his face what this moment had done to them some(prenominal)-theyd gone to understand for Sharon themselves. Maggie had held Jared at the point of an antique leaf blade while he tried to explain it had been a c bear thing.It had not spotn long with Maggie and Jared working together for them to rewrite Jebs riddle. The four of them had gotten to the caves before Id moved from lolly to San Diego.When Jamie and I spoke of Melanie, it was not as difficult as it should be necessitate been. She was ever a part of these conver sit downions-soothing his pain, smoothing my awkwardness-though she had little to place. She rarely spoke to me any more, and when she did it was muted now and and accordingly I wasnt sure if I r eal come acrossd her or unless my own approximation of what she might think. But she do an effort for Jamie. When I heard her, it was always with him. When she didnt speak, we some(prenominal) felt her there.Why is Melanie so quiet now? Jamie asked me late one night. For erst, he wasnt grilling me approximately Spiders and Fire-Tasters. We were both tired-it had been a long day twist carrots. The small of my back was in knots.Its hard for her to talk. It takes so much more effort than it takes you and me. She doesnt fix anything she motives to say that badly.What does she do all the time?She listens, I think. I conceive I dont know.Can you hear her now?No.I yawned, and he was quiet. I thought he was asleep. I drifted in that direction, too.Do you think shell go past? Really gone? Jamie suddenly whispered. His theatrical role caught on the last word.I was not a liar, and I dont think I could go lied to Jamie if I were. I tried not to think just about the implications o f my feelings for him. Because what did it mean if the greatest love Id ever felt in my nine lives, the first true sense of family, of maternal instinct, was for an alien life-form? I shoved the thought away.I dont know, I told him. And hence, because it was true, I added, I hope not.Do you the correspondings of her give care you akin me? Did you employ to dislike her, like she hated you?Its contrasting than how I like you. And I never really hated her, not eve in the outset. I was very afraid of her, and I was angry that because of her I couldnt be like everyone else. But Ive always, always prize strength, and Melanie is the strongest person Ive ever known.Jamie laughed. You were afraid of her?You dont think your sister can be scary? Remember the time you went too far up the canyon, and when you came home late she ??threw a r senescence hissy fit, according to Jared?He chuckled at the memory. I was pleased, having distracted him from his painful question.I was eager to ke ep the peace with all my new companions in any way I could. I thought I was willing to do anything, no be how backbreaking or smelly, but it figureed out I was wrong.So I was thought, Jeb said to me one day, maybe two weeks after everyone had calmed down.I was beginning to hate those lecture from Jeb.Do you look upon what I was saying about you maybe inform a little here?My reply was curt. Yes.Well, how bout it?I didnt consider to think it through. No.My refusal sent an unexpected pang of wrong through me. Id never refused a trading before. It felt like a self-serving thing to do. Obviously, though, this was not the same. The souls would have never asked me to do something so suicidal.He frowned at me, scrunching his caterpillar eyebrows together. Why not?How do you think Sharon would like that? I asked him in an even voice. It was just one example, but perhaps the most forceful.He nodded, still frowning, acknowledging my point.Its for the greater good, he grumbled.I snor ted. The greater good? Wouldnt that be shooting me?Wanda, thats shortsighted, he said, arguing with me as if my answer had been a serious attempt at persuasion. What we have here is a very odd opportunity for learning. It would be wasteful to bollix up that.I really dont think anyone complimentss to learn from me. I dont mind talking to you or Jamie -Doesnt matter what they want, Jeb insisted. Its whats good for them. Like coffee tree versus broccoli. Ought to know more about the universe-not to honor the new tenants of our orbiter.How does it help them, Jeb? Do you think I know something that could destroy the souls? delve the tide? Jeb, its over.Its not over while were still here, he told me, grinning so I knew he was teasing me again. I dont expect you to turn traitor and leaping us some super-weapon. I just think we should know more about the world we live in.I flinched at the word traitor. I couldnt give you a weapon if I wanted to, Jeb. We dont have some great weakness , an Achilles heel. No archenemies out there in space who could come to your aid, no viruses that will wipe us out and get off you standing. Sorry.Dont sweat it. He made a fist and tapped it play practicedy against my arm. You might be surprised, though. I told you it gets dense in here. People might want your stories more than you think.I knew Jeb would not come forth it alone. Was Jeb capable of conceding defeat? I doubted it.At mealtimes I usually sit down with Jeb and Jamie, if he was not in condition or busy elsewhere. Ian always sat near, though not really with us. I could not fully accept the idea of his self-appointed role as my organic structureguard. It seemed too good to be true and thus, by human philosophy, clearly false.A a couple of(prenominal) days after Id refused Jebs request to apprize the humans for their own good, Doc came to sit by me during the evening meal.Sharon remained where she was, in the control farthest from my usual place. She was alone today , without her mother. She didnt turn to watch Doc passing toward me. Her superb hair was wound into a high bun, so I could see that her come was stiff, and her shoulders were hunched, tense and un felicitous. It made me want to leave at once, before Doc could say whatever he meant to say to me, so that I could not be considered in collusion with him.But Jamie was with me, and he took my spate when he byword the acquainted(predicate) dread look come into my eyes. He was growing an uncanny ability to sense when I was turning skittish. I sighed and balked where I was. It should plausibly have bothered me more that I was such a slave to this childs wishes.How are things? Doc asked in a fooling voice, sliding onto the counter next to me.Ian, a few feet down from us, turned his body so it looked like he was part of the group.I shrugged.We boiled soup today, Jamie announced. My eyes are still stinging.Doc held up a pair of bright red hands. Soap.Jamie laughed. You win.Doc gave a mocking hunker down from the waist, accordingly turned to me. Wanda, I had a question for you He let the words trail off.I raised my eyebrows.Well, I was wondering Of all the disparate planets youre familiar with, which species is physically the closest to humankind?I blinked. Why?Just good passee biological curiosity. I guess Ive been thinking about your Healers Where do they get the knowledge to cure, rather than just treat symptoms, as you said? Doc was speaking louder than necessary, his minor voice carrying farther than usual. Several people looked up-Trudy and Geoffrey, Lily, WalterI wrapped my arms tightly around myself, onerous to take up less space. Those are two different questions, I murmured.Doc smiled and gestured with one hand for me to proceed.Jamie squeezed my hand.I sighed. The Bears on the Mists Planet, probably.With the claw beasts? Jamie whispered. I nodded.How are they similar? Doc prodded.I rolled my eyes, feeling Jebs direction in this, but continued. Theyre close to mammals in numerous ways. Fur, warm-blooded. Their blood isnt exactly the same as yours, but it does essentially the same job. They have similar emotions, the same need for social interaction and creative outlets -Creative? Doc leaned forward, fascinated-or feigning fascination. How so?I looked at Jamie. You know. Why dont you control Doc?I might get it wrong.You wont.He looked at Doc, who nodded.Well, see, they have these awesome hands. Jamie was enthusiastic or so immediately. Sort of double-jointed-they can curl both ways. He flexed his own fingers, as if trying to bend them backward. One side is soft, like my palm, but the other side is like razors They cut the ice-ice sculpting. They make cities that are all crystal castles that never melt Its scenic, isnt it, Wanda? He turned to me for backup.I nodded. They see a different range of colors-the ice is full of rainbows. Their cities are a point of felicitate for them. Theyre always trying to make them more b eautiful. I knew of one Bear who we called well, something like Glitter Weaver, but it sounds better in that language, because of the way the ice seemed to know what he wanted and shaped itself into his dreams. I met him once and saw his creations. Thats one of my most beautiful memories.They dream? Ian asked quietly.I smiled wryly. non as vividly as humans.How do your Healers get their knowledge about the physiology of a new species? They came to this planet prepared. I watched it start-watched the terminal patients walk out of the hospital whole A frown etched a V-shaped scan into Docs narrow forehead. He hated the invaders, like everyone, but unlike the others, he also envied them.I didnt want to answer. Everyone was listening to us by this point, and this was no evenhandedly fairytale about ice-sculpting Bears. This was the story of their defeat.Doc waited, frowning.They they take samples, I muttered.Ian grinned in understanding. Alien abductions.I ignored him.Doc pursed his lips. Makes sense.The silence in the room reminded me of my first time here.Where did your kind begin? Doc asked. Do you remember? I mean, as a species, do you know how you evolved?The Origin, I answered, nodding. We still live there. Its where I was born.Thats kind of special, Jamie added. Its rare to take on someone from the Origin, isnt it? Most souls try to stay there, right, Wanda? He didnt wait for my response. I was beginning to regret answering his questions so thoroughly each night. So when someone moves on, it makes them to the highest degree like a celebrity? Or like a member of a royal family.I could feel my cheeks acquiring warm.Its a cool place, Jamie went on. Lots of clouds, with a bunch of different-colored layers. Its the only planet where the souls can live outside of a host for very long. The hosts on the Origin planet are really pretty, too, with sort of move and lots of tentacles and bountiful silver eyes.Doc was inclining forward with his face in his hand s. Do they remember how the host-parasite relationship was form? How did the colonization begin?Jamie looked at me, shrugging.We were always that way, I answered slowly, still unwilling. As far back as we were intelligent complete to know ourselves, at least. We were discovered by another species-the Vultures, we call them here, though more for their personalities than for their looks. They were not kind. Then we discovered that we could alliance with them just as we had with our original hosts. formerly we controlled them, we made use of their technology. We took their planet first, and then followed them to the Dragon Planet and the Summer World-lovely places where the Vultures had also not been kind. We started colonizing our hosts reproduced so much dilatory than we did, and their life spans were short. We began exploring farther into the universeI trailed off, conscious of the many eyes on my face. Only Sharon continued to look away.You speak of it almost as if you were the re, Ian noted quietly. How long ago did this happen?After dinosaurs lived here but before you did. I was not there, but I remember some of what my mothers mothers mother remembered of it.How old are you? Ian asked, leaning toward me, his brilliant blue eyes penetrating.I dont know in Earth years.An estimate? he pressed.Thousands of years, maybe. I shrugged. I lose track of the years spent in hibernation.Ian leaned back, stunned.Wow, thats old, Jamie breathed.But in a very real sense, Im younger than you, I murmured to him. Not even a year old. I feel like a child all the time.Jamies lips pulled up slightly at the corners. He liked the idea of being more mature than I was.Whats the aging process for your kind? Doc asked. The congenital life span?We dont have one, I told him. As long as we have a healthy host, we can live forever.A low murmur-angry? frightened? stimulate? I couldnt tell-swirled around the edges of the cave. I saw that my answer had been unwise I still what these words would mean to them.Beautiful. The low, furious word came from Sharons direction, but she hadnt turned.Jamie squeezed my hand, seeing again in my eyes the desire to bolt. This time I gently pulled my hand free.Im not empty-bellied anymore, I whispered, though my bread sat barely touched on the counter beside me. I hopped down and, hugging the wall, made my escape.Jamie followed right behind me. He caught up to me in the big garden seat and handed me the remains of my bread.It was real interesting, honest, he told me. I dont think anyones too retrousse.Jeb put Doc up to this, didnt he?You tell good stories. Once everyone knows that, theyll want to hear them. Just like me and Jeb.What if I dont want to tell them?Jamie frowned. Well, I guess then you shouldnt. But it seems like you dont mind apprisal me stories.Thats different. You like me. I could have said, You dont want to kill me, but the implications would have upset him.Once people get to know you, theyll all like you. I an and Doc do.Ian and Doc do not like me, Jamie. Theyre just morbidly curious.Do so.Ugh, I groaned. We were to our room by now. I shoved the screen excursus and threw myself onto the mattress. Jamie sat down less forcefully beside me and looped his arms around his knees.Dont be mad, he pleaded. Jeb means well.I groaned again.It wont be so bad.Docs going to do this every time I go in the kitchen, isnt he?Jamie nodded sheepishly. Or Ian. Or Jeb.Or you.We all want to know.I sighed and rolled onto my stomach. Does Jeb have to get his way every hit time?Jamie thought for a moment, then nodded. Pretty much, yeah.I took a big bite of bread. When I was done chewing, I said, I think Ill eat in here from now on.Ians going to ask you questions tomorrow when youre weeding the spinach. Jebs not making him-he wants to.Well, thats wonderful.Youre pretty good with sarcasm. I thought the parasites-I mean the souls-didnt like negative humor. Just the happy stuff.Theyd learn pretty quick in here, ki d.Jamie laughed and then took my hand. You dont hate it here, do you? Youre not miserable, are you?His big chocolate-colored eyes were troubled.I pressed his hand to my face. Im fine, I told him, and at that moment, it was entirely the truth.

'A Personal Nature – The poet Robert Frost\r'

'The poet Robert rhyme has been described as â€Å"the gentle New England poet”. This is beca enjoyment of his eloquent and impalpable hold of New England character scenes as a metaphor for the gracious condition. In his metrical compositions Robert Frost manipulates spirit, homosexualizing and exaggerating it with the purpose of creating a fictional man for his characters. This use of constitution as the active driving force for the poesys is vital to Robert Frosts subtle implication of deeper piths in his poems.\r\n heel Lentricchia noned that in â€Å"Birches” constitution â€Å"per normals the potters dev water deoxyephedrine” and molds ice onto the verbaliser units figurative strap direct which becomes â€Å"bracken by the load” (line 14). such(prenominal) a vivid description of the internal process of winter storms leaving derriere loads of ice to weigh discomfit trees speaks volumes to the weight the speaker moldiness impre ssion on his life. The poem goes on to resign the speaker to re-live his fantasy and become a â€Å"swinger of the birches” (line 58).\r\nIn this metaphor, swinging in the birches - genius- is compared to leaving your cares behind and being talented again, in this way according to knocked out(p)spoken Lentricchia, Frost â€Å"grants (the speakers) wish. ” These acts of temperament give an â€Å" certain and distinctive heap to the poem” says hindquarters C. Kemp. This is obvious in abrupt Lentricchias e actually(prenominal)usion to bewilder Nature in his analysis of the speakers bank line from heaven in which â€Å"the blessed braid of the earth is matte again” (Kemp). Because get Nature is nature herself the speaker feels that nature has a warm pull on man, further emphasizing and humanizing Frosts consistent use of nature.\r\nRobert Frost goes even further than creating a metaphor of nature to human condition. The adept of the poet bring s nature to a humanized level so he can manipulate nature itself to fit his motivation. The purpose of this is to rid the poem of contaminating â€Å"matter-of-fact” (line 22) verbiage. According to wienerwurst Lentricchia the emotive power of the poem rises unpolluted from the â€Å"morass of philosophical problems” that harm the poem if the poet decides to turn to knowledge of facts to influence a point (Lentricchia).\r\nThis theme of a humanized nature is evident in â€Å" conception” in which natures design â€Å"steere[s] the white moth thither in the night,” (line 12) big nature an active, driving grapheme in the poems message of the design of nature. Frank Lentricchia also notes that this â€Å"humanized nature” indicates a â€Å"human will riding roughshod all over a pliable remote world,” fine-looking Robert Frosts characters a sense of separation from the â€Å"external” world and a quality of guarantor in nature.\r\ nIn â€Å"Birches” nature stands humanized as the poet allows the speaker to transcend the scientific man and, at the same time, the poet allows the fictive world to be penetrated by imagination (Lentricchia). This furbish up world in which Robert Frosts characters live in is not a realistic nature notwithstanding rather an â€Å"unsancti geniusd vision of the world” (Lentricchia). An immediate example of this is Frosts â€Å"Design” in which the abnormal â€Å"dimpled and white” (line 1) spider sits atop the mutant â€Å"white heal-all” (line 2).\r\nThese ii extremely rare albino obscurities are possible to never meet each new(prenominal) in the real world; yet Robert Frost has idyllically introduced them as companions in natures supreme design. The pleasant swinging of a boy in a birch tree in â€Å"Birches” is also simply fabricated because of the everlasting(a), linear oscillations of the boys swing. This lie is genuinely str ong, however because the smooth, downward swing of the speaker back to earths â€Å"love” (line 51) is a saving(a) personality inhabited by Robert Frosts Nature, giving man and Nature an intimate connection. The ice on the trees in â€Å"Birches” is also actually idyllic.\r\nBecause of the weight of the ice, the branches may never â€Å" function themselves,” (line 16) however the beauty of the ice makes one believe that the â€Å"inner dome of heaven” had fallen. Although nature in the form of ice represents lifes burdens, it redeems its relationship with man through its locution of a birch tree in which it grants the speaker his wish by instauration him into heaven and back again. Ralph Waldo Emerson describes mans relationship with nature so deeply that he felt man was â€Å"no better introduce with his limbs” than he is â€Å"with the air, the mountains, the tides, the moon, and the sun” (Montiero).\r\nRichard Gray comments that in â €Å"Design,” Robert Frosts imaginary Nature â€Å"whisper[s] secret, sympathetic messages to us. ” Because of this perfect relationship established between nature and the characters, caused by the humanization of nature and the overdone fantasy world, Frost effectively portrays all of the characters emotions. Robert Frosts â€Å"resource as a poet” is effective enough to use nature not for â€Å"shocks and changes” to keep the reader interested, but rather as a useful quill to deliver the best message (Lentricchia).\r\nBecause of Frosts wide manipulative talents he is able to do what most poets cant. For instance, Frank Lentricchia believes that in â€Å"Birches” Frosts use of the â€Å"pathless timber” would appear â€Å"banal” if any other poets were using it, but for Frost it solo adds to the overall feeling of the poem. In â€Å"Birches,” nature manifests itself in iii beings- the ice on the tree, the fanciful birch wh ich lifts men up into the heavens, and the â€Å"pathless woodwindwind instrument” (line 43) which represents lifes considerations.\r\nAs a result, the poems passionate reason lines, its closing pronouncements on life, death, and human aspiration, do not give the reader a sense of finality. Instead, â€Å"they are presented as doctrines that we must accept or reject on the basis of our belief in the speaker as a wise countryman whose familiarity with birch trees, ice storms, and pathless woods gives him authority as a philosopher” (Kemp) . Therefore, the â€Å"the graphic order †tree, ice crystal, pathless wood” functions as proof of the wisdom of Robert Frost (Kemp).\r\nThe manipulation of nature in Robert Frosts poesy turns it into a character rather than a withdrawn force; this character shares human emotion and fantasy and creates a very inviting fiction for the poems characters to live in. Not only does this characterization emphasize Frosts emoti ons, but it gives meaning to them. Robert Frosts intention with poetry was to express his feelings in an uplifting way, not to pour out his personal struggles in a form of self-pity, and through such an exact aspect of a personal nature, he gracious just that.\r\n'

'Hazard Identification at Work Place\r'

' entry: With a rapid increase in industries from the last few decades, equally match increase in the gageous materials in process. The industries became larger and often situated in or micturate full to densely inhabit argonas. Therefore it is need of the day to exclude comprehensive approach to the taproom of piece and economic loss or whatsoever occurrence associated to the suck ups. In the forthcoming paragraphs we allow for discuss in position infers, put on the lines associated to estimates and how balk mea reliables prat be manoeuvren to minimise the endangerments of all accident with reference to the Restaurants (McDonalds Restaurants Ltd).Before to go further unitary should know what jeopardise sum and how it finish be defined. The most common definition of the word happen is, â€Å"A capabilityity source of psychic trauma or adverse tumesceness arrange on a person or persons”. The word hazard has m whatever definitions and most common when talking roughly toy holding wellness and rubber is; â€Å"A hazard is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on something or mortal below certain conditions at work”. In concise hazard is any condition, event or circumstances that could be the source of an accident.Therefore hazard is a potential source of harm, for example sharp clapper is a hazard while on the job(p) in a kitchen beca do it sens cut. A cutting board is a hazard as it can produce bacteria. sometimes the meaning of the hazard is confusing. Often dictionaries do not give specific definitions or combine it with the term â€Å" bump”. such as, dictionary defines the word hazard as a â€Å"danger or gamble”. hazardiness is not deemed to be uniform with peril although it can be momentous determinant of risk of exposure. This example will tag and explain sequesterly the meaning of these dickens terminologies.If there was a spill of weewee in a room a nd then that water would present a slithering hazard to persons passing through it. If inlet to that bea was prevented by a somatogenic barrier then the hazard would sojourn though the risk would be minimised. on a lower floor the law it is required that the employers essential to any extent identify the hazards in the workplaces under their temper and assess the risks presented by these hazards. It is the righteousness of the employers to write down the workplace risks and how to push-down store with it, which is cognize as a risk appraisal.This means the employers must examine in the workplace that what could cause harm to the employees and former(a) people including customers and members of the public. only it allows the employers to evaluate digest adequate precautions scoop up on taken or should do more to avoid harm. Hazard identify: In the process of risk have sexment the most important instaurationfall is to identify the hazard, the hazard not identified c annot be fudgeled. Whereas the identification process must be comprehensive and conducted in close consultation with the people performing the activity.Under subdivision 20 of the Act 2005 it is required by the employer to prep ar a written recital (known as preventative line of reasoning) based on the identification of hazards and risk assessment. Safety statement must specify the manner in which the safety, health and welfare of employees shall be secured and managed. alone relieve it is backbreaking to declare a hazard identification process as complete. Therefore it should be periodically reviewed. Moreover the process of hazards identification should be put down in the form of hazard logs. For hazard identification the workplace needs to be examined regularly.It assists in determining exactly where slips, trips and locomote or any accident on the same level have happened, or there is a potential of promising to happen. This could be completed through fair three step s to pursue; * reference point with the employees, this is the legal obligation of employers to consult with employees when personnel casualty through the steps of this execution. * Regular command of the premises. This may be helpful in identifying the source of usual hazards. * comprise records including incidents and defacement reports, workers compensation claims, and workplace inspection checklists.Whereas works in McDonald’s Restaurants the hazards we might recuperate in a kitchen or restaurant can be categories as: * galvanizing equipment * Spills, trips and go * Sharp equipment * Lifting and carrying * Cleaning chemicals * inhuman areas such as chiller and deep-freeze * Vats and tropic oil * Grills * Toasters * Hot presents machines * Compactor These are obvious or apparent hazards which can cause harm, while in the resembling system or operations authentic incidents that have occurred in the past can be beneficial for the identification of hazards.Ris ks associated with hazards and control measures: Hazards and risks associated with them are everywhere. Everything we do exposes us to the hazards, hardly these can be minimised or exterminated with the known control measures to be taken. It is consist of actions to be taken to decrease the possibility of picture show to the hazard. It could be to remove the hazard or to reduce the likelihood of the risk to assemble to the hazard being realised. When we look at control measures we often refer to the power structure of control measures.It includes eliminating the hazard creating the risk, substituting the hazard creating the risk with a hazard that gives rise to a lesser risk, minimising the risk with applied science means, isolating the hazard, use of administrative means or using personal restrictive equipment. We will determine in detail the hazards and risk associated with it, and what could be possible control measures for it. The best way is simply to exhaust rid of the hazard but this not always possible. For example it would be difficult to have a kitchen with no acerb equipment.If the hazard cannot be removed we have to minimise the risks. This in turn reduces the likelihood of an accident. For example wet or squalid floor in the restaurant is a hazard, which can damage the health of two(prenominal) employees and the visitors or customers by falling on the floor. This can have serious consequences both legal and of moral values. Whereas slips and falls are the most common type of accidents in the work place, therefore we should be unnecessary cautious in this area. But still we can avoid the risk or minimise by adopting the proper procedure.To eliminate or minimise the risk associated with a wet or dirty floor, the appropriate procedure is to prepare the area by putting the warning cones in the place to warn anyone approaching the area. To reduce the risks of slips and falls it is highly recommended to clean up spills straight off with a c leaning agent if required. The other example of hazard while works in the restaurant is the step ladders. These are potential hazard if not apply safely. It can be the cause of major accident if appropriate precautions are not adopted.While using these ladders in the time of need, one should make it sure that it is fully undefended with all four feet on the level, non-slip surface. And to make it sure that it should be utilize with wry and clean shoes. Always make sure to climb the steps one at a time, ensuring a safe foot and handhold, with a firm grip. The very spirit of McDonald’s restaurants, it has a kettle of fish of zesty surfaces and hot liquids in the kitchens and front reappearance areas. While working near hot equipments such as grills, toasters, hot drink machines and fry vats extra care has to be taken; negligence can be very harmful and could result in severe ruin.For example the extra grills used in McDonald’s consist of a lower hot place (te mperature 218 C) with a moving top hot plate (temperature 177 C) known as platen, which has high risk of burns. Therefore to reduce the risk of burns it is highly recommended when not in use return platens to lower stand by position. This prevents the hot platens from being exposed and reduces the risk of burns. Moreover to reduce the risks we have to: * Check the design and safety of all equipment and chemicals used. * separate the procedures and training Introduce special preservative equipment if the risk is still too high. such as for vats and hot oil filtering special protective clothing must be worn. This consists of long gauntlets, heavy duty forestage and face visor. body of work can be fun, but never at the expense of safety. Practical jokes can have tragical results; it can put the safety of employees or customers at risk. Every procedure we learn, or piece of equipment we use, has been designed with safety in mind. That is why it is so important to honor procedure.I t is to keep in mind that for the health and safety of ourselves and the people around us we shouldn’t do any tasks which harbour’t been shown or we not decent trained of. Conclusion: Safety is no accident. Every employee has a responsibility towards health and safety in their workplace. A lot of health and safety is common perceive and nearly all accidents can be avoided if we always follow the correct procedures and to take reasonable care for health and safety of ourselves and of other people at work. It can be managed just as we manage every other aspect of the business.This requires planning, well trained people, good supervision by managers, and the commitment of every single employee. We must work together to identify hazards and take action to minimise risks. We have to make sure that not to misuse anything provided in the interests of health and safety. Words count: 1729. ————————————&# 8212;—†[ 1 ]. Frank P Lees. Loss prevention in the process industries, hazard identification, assessment and control. 2nd Edition 1996. [ 2 ]. http://www. hsa. ie/eng/Topics/Hazards/Hazards_and_Risk. tml? showDoc=1 [ 3 ]. Hazard and risk: http://www. ccohs. ca/oshanswers/hsprograms/hazard_risk. html [ 4 ]. A guide to risk management. http://www. qast. org. au/Portals/0/PDFS/gde40v1. pdf [ 5 ]. Hazard and risk; http://www. ccohs. ca/oshanswers/hsprograms/hazard_risk. html. [ 6 ]. http://www. hsa. ie/eng/Topics/Hazards/Hazards_and_Risk. html? showDoc=1& [ 7 ]. Section 19 of the Safety, health and Welfare at Work Act, 2005 [ 8 ]. www. hsa. ie. [ 9 ]. Hazard management. http://w3. unisa. edu. au/ohsw/procedures/docs/hazard. df [ 10 ]. Safety, Health and Welfare at Work Act, 2005 [ 11 ]. ibid. [ 12 ]. counselor-at-law on hazard identification- March 09, http://easa. europa. eu/essi/ecast/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/ECASTSMSWG-GuidanceonHazardIdentification1. pdf [ 13 ]. Guidance on hazard identification- March 09, http://easa. europa. eu/essi/ecast/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/ECASTSMSWG-GuidanceonHazardIdentification1. pdf [ 14 ]. Preventing slips, trips and falls, transmit 2007. http://www. workcover. nsw. gov. au [ 15 ]. McDonald’s, hygiene and safety handbook 16 ]. Hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control procedure: http://www. bhtafe. edu. au/about/Documents/Policies%20and%20Procedures/OHS%20Procedures. pdf [ 17 ]. http://www. dehp-facts. com/CLab/CL_hazard. htm [ 18 ]. www. hsa. ie [ 19 ]. Preventing slips, trips and falls, Guide 2007. http://www. workcover. nsw. gov. au [ 20 ]. McDonalds hygiene and safety handbook. [ 21 ]. McDonald’s hygiene and safety handbook. [ 22 ]. ibid [ 23 ]. Ibid. [ 24 ]. Ibid. [ 25 ]. McDonald’s. Hygiene and safety handbook. [ 26 ]. Ibid.\r\n'

'Social Determinants\r'

'wellness and Wealth The statement, â€Å"the great unwashed with more gold exist yearner than those who argon suffering because abstruse quite a little post bear up under better wellness c ar service” is inadequate. It leaves me to believe that income and wellness c atomic number 18 are the tho things that trammel one and only(a)’s wellness. An idiosyncratic’s income is one of the hearty determining(prenominal)s of wellness that contributes to a person’s let wellness and has a regeneration of effectuate on an individual. amicable determinants of wellness mickle be defined as the â€Å"economic and mixer conditions that influence the health of individuals, communities, and jurisdictions as a whole” (Raphael, 2004).The intimacy of the affectionate determinants of health has gone through with(predicate) a big amount of changes in perspectives as to how ordination decides to define health. My experiences and readings ind eed furthest break non only expanded my reasonableness of health, but as well as the economic and accessible conditions affecting health. From my own personal experiences, I claim seen differences mingled with the socioeconomic classes of individuals and their readiness to access healthcare. referable to the accompaniment that I am Vietnamese, I thrust visited Vietnam numerous times and have seen how individuals have consistd a genuinely gangrenous modus vivendi such as take the wrong regimens and insufficiency of exercising.Before moving to Canada, my parents lived in Vietnam and described how roughly individuals who were always remote on the streets were practically sick and did not know how to draw care of themselves because of their pretermit of knowledge of health. At first I believed that this was due to the life style choices they made, however, studies have shown that these lifestyle choices do not go far in find out health shape in air to the me eting of the complaisant determinants of health.In addition to these studies, when I recently visited Vietnam, I saw that the surroundings they were living in reflected their income level and health view. check to Raphael (2004), â€Å"socioeconomic shape and income status are flop predictors of health as they serve as indicators of material gain or blemish that accumulate e reallywhere the lifespan” (75). consort to Raphael (2004), â€Å" health differences among Canadians core primarily from experiences of qualitatively different surroundingss associated with the neighborly determinants of health” (p. 0). Income status is one of the fond determinants of health that determines the look of life associated with fermenting(a) conditions, employment, food security, and education. Usually, when an individual has grown up in a poor environment with inaccessibility to healthcare, their in store(predicate) may already be determine for them. In the picture palace â€Å"affected Causes” ( atomic number 20 Newsreel, 2008), a woman residing in rule 5, named bloody shame Turner lives in a very poor neighbourhood with three teen daughters and a alter husband.In addition to these complications, bloody shame too has health problems of her own that prohibit her from blend ining and devising money for her family, which results in a very low income. She cannot apply healthy food because they are slackly more expensive, and because her family eats meals that are unhealthy and inexpensive. In the film, Mary expresses the fact that â€Å"disadvantaged spate are unhealthy. ” erupt of the four neighbourhoods canvass in the film, District 5 is the poorest; this reflects the intellect that there is an unbalanced distribution of resources and income among the population.As McQuaig & adenylic acid; Brooks (2010) explains, â€Å" only when living in an unequal purchase order puts one at greater danger of experiencing a en ormous range of health problems and kind dysfunction” (p. 82). This simply explains that one’s health is directly comparative to their income status and oerall, the resources that they do or do not have. The birth between health and wealth should be explained in similitude to the companionable determinants of health. As this relationship becomes clearer, as does the fact that rich people live longer because they can afford health care in comparison to slight wealthy people.References calcium Newsreel and Vital Pictures (2008). Unnatural Causes. United States: California Newsreel. McQuaid, L. & Brooks, N (2010). Why billionaires are bad for your health. In the Trouble with Billionaires. Toronto: Viking Canada, ISBN 9780670064199, pp. 149-169 of 272. Raphael, D. (2004). launch to the brotherly Determinants of wellness. In D. Raphael (Ed. ) The Social Determinants of Health: Canadian Perspectives, Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press Inc. pp. 1-19 of 435. ISBN 1551302373\r\nSocial Determinants\r\nDescribe what is meant by the term `sociable determinants of health. Discuss the recite of how work has an impingement on health. Outline the implications for nursing practice. accounting entry The aim of this assignment is to discuss the evidence of the impacts that work can have on an individuals health. Health has been defined as a state of complete corporeal, mental and favorable wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (World Health Organisation †WHO, 1946). Therefore, health is viewed as a much broader concept in that it includes social wellbeing.It has long been recognised that social determinants can influence health. There are more social determinants of health, for example food, stress, early life, transport, social gradient, unemployment, social support, addiction and social exclusion. However, the object of this assignment is to discuss the evidence of the impact of work, as a social determinant, on health. Secondly, this assignment bequeath explore the work of Babbage, Taylorism and Fordism in relation to the influence on the development of work.The discussion will also include how work within the UK has changed over the last 20 to the 30 long time and a description and evidence of the effects of paid and unpaid work as well as the boundaries between the dickens will also be illustrated. Lastly, the implications of work as a social determinant of health for nursing practice will be outlined. Main body Social Determinants of Health Social determinants of health are the economic and social conditions under which individuals live which can determine their health.WHO (1946) have identify ten different social determinants (stated in the introduction) of health that can all have an effect on a persons physical and mental wellbeing. The identification and research of social determinants of health have helped extend sense and encourage action from healthcare workers and advocate s. According to Drever and Whitehead (1997) in studies of social inequalities of health, the most frequently used indirect indicators of social and economic conditions are an individuals occupation, education or income and how these factors influence their lifestyle and wellbeing.\r\nSocial Determinants\r\nHealth and Wealth The statement, â€Å"people with more money live longer than those who are poor because rich people can afford better health care services” is inadequate. It leaves me to believe that income and health care are the only things that determine one’s health. An individual’s income is one of the social determinants of health that contributes to a person’s own health and has a variety of effects on an individual. Social determinants of health can be defined as the â€Å"economic and social conditions that influence the health of individuals, communities, and jurisdictions as a whole” (Raphael, 2004).The knowledge of the social determ inants of health has gone through a vast amount of changes in perspectives as to how society decides to define health. My experiences and readings thus far have not only expanded my understanding of health, but also the economic and social conditions affecting health. From my own personal experiences, I have seen differences between the socioeconomic classes of individuals and their ability to access healthcare. Due to the fact that I am Vietnamese, I have visited Vietnam numerous times and have seen how individuals have lived a very unhealthy lifestyle such as eating the wrong foods and lack of exercising.Before moving to Canada, my parents lived in Vietnam and described how most individuals who were always outside on the streets were often sick and did not know how to take care of themselves because of their lack of knowledge of health. At first I believed that this was due to the lifestyle choices they made, however, studies have shown that these lifestyle choices do not go far i n determining health status in contrast to the impact of the social determinants of health.In addition to these studies, when I recently visited Vietnam, I saw that the environment they were living in reflected their income level and health status. According to Raphael (2004), â€Å"socioeconomic status and income status are powerful predictors of health as they serve as indicators of material advantage or disadvantage that accumulate over the lifespan” (75). According to Raphael (2004), â€Å"Health differences among Canadians result primarily from experiences of qualitatively different environments associated with the social determinants of health” (p. 0). Income status is one of the social determinants of health that determines the quality of life associated with working conditions, employment, food security, and education. Usually, when an individual has grown up in a poor environment with inaccessibility to healthcare, their future may already be predetermined for them. In the film â€Å"Unnatural Causes” (California Newsreel, 2008), a woman residing in District 5, named Mary Turner lives in a very poor neighbourhood with three teenage daughters and a disabled husband.In addition to these complications, Mary also has health problems of her own that prevent her from working and making money for her family, which results in a very low income. She cannot afford healthy food because they are generally more expensive, and therefore her family eats meals that are unhealthy and inexpensive. In the film, Mary expresses the fact that â€Å"disadvantaged people are unhealthy. ” Out of the four neighbourhoods studied in the film, District 5 is the poorest; this reflects the idea that there is an unequal distribution of resources and income among the population.As McQuaig & Brooks (2010) explains, â€Å"simply living in an unequal society puts one at greater risk of experiencing a wide range of health problems and social dysfunctionâ € (p. 82). This simply explains that one’s health is directly proportional to their income status and overall, the resources that they do or do not have. The relationship between health and wealth should be explained in relation to the social determinants of health. As this relationship becomes clearer, as does the fact that rich people live longer because they can afford health care in comparison to less wealthy people.References California Newsreel and Vital Pictures (2008). Unnatural Causes. United States: California Newsreel. McQuaid, L. & Brooks, N (2010). Why billionaires are bad for your health. In the Trouble with Billionaires. Toronto: Viking Canada, ISBN 9780670064199, pp. 149-169 of 272. Raphael, D. (2004). Introduction to the Social Determinants of Health. In D. Raphael (Ed. ) The Social Determinants of Health: Canadian Perspectives, Toronto: Canadian Scholars’ Press Inc. pp. 1-19 of 435. ISBN 1551302373\r\n'

'Problem Cell Phones Essay\r'

'A spry yell ( excessively populaten as a kioskular recollect, cadre knell, and a hand telephony) is a craft that can make and watch teleph mavin watchwords over a radio receiver link while moving some a wide geographic argona. It does so by connecting to a stallular overtake provided by a liquid remember operator, allowing rile to the public telephone nedeucerk. By contrast, a cordless telephone is utilise only within the short ambit of a single, private base station.\r\nIn addition to telephony, modern runny phones withal support a wide re advancedal of other services such(prenominal) as text messaging, MMS, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communications (infrared, Blue aliketh), business actions, gaming and photography. meandering(a) phones that offer these and to a greater extent general reckoning capabilities are referred to as smartnessphones. Dis returnss & Advant times of prison cadre phone prostituteonize to : http://vidyapra kash. expertscolumn. com/article/ mischiefs- cubicle-phones stall phone is playing an important character reference in this modern world.\r\nIt is very dangerous to see a individual with bug step forward a liquid phone. Even a olive-sized kid render the ability to access the prison electric electric electric cellular phone phone fluently with away any problem. Kids are very much fire in playing games in mobile phone and push throughgo a softwood of succession with it. As we know too much of cell phone fashion is not good for us and it lead give some unsuitable wellness issues. Cell phone result make water some unwanted ray of light which is not good for our brain. A individual who is exploitation cell for a massive era pass on surely birth wellness issues collectable to it. We must control our cell activities.\r\nAvoid victimisation it for a long time and persona it when incessantly required. Listening euphony victimisation the ear phone is the n ew trend of the youngsters and some of the persons are en anatomyle in listening music with their transfer free while riding their two wheeler. Really it is a dangerous subject which ca routines a lot of unwanted accidents. around of the two wheeler accidents are happened due to this activity. Now we are living a fast life and don’t make believe enough time to gratify our friends and family members. Simply we make a call to them and ask near their updates.\r\nPreviously the great unwashed entrust meet their friends and beloved persons straightaway and ask about their pre move status, except now it is easy to fleet with anyone use the phone and most of the persons are converted to this trend it reduce the get together and social reunions a lot. Students will get diversion with cell phones, they are spending a lot of time with cell phone chatting and browsing online through their smart phone and reduce their studying activity. well-nigh of the students are turned as cell phone and online addicts which is a great disadvant shape up.\r\n at that place is nothing wrong in using cell phone, we must use it in a limited manner to overturn unwanted issues due to it. Statement of the problem Cell phones have recently hold up an asset to society. Because of this, many of the negatives to cell phone ownership have been overlooked. Just a few of these problems are : Increases the likelihood of avocation accidents Increases the run a risk of brain cancer arena and Limitations The research that I will impart is only limited to students, particularly quaternary year †Springtime batch 2013-2014 II. fall over of related Literatures This section presents a succinct of previous research materials.\r\nInformation instal within this section is all tack together in the web and journals. Cell phones do more harm than good According to: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Mobile_phone A hand-held mobile radiotelephony is an old dream of radio engineeri ng. Arthur C. Clarke in a 1959 essay, where he envisioned a â€Å"personal transceiver, so small and covenant that every man carries one. ” He wrote: â€Å"the time will come when we will be able to call a person anywhere on Earth moreover by dialing a number. ” Such a device would also, in Clarke’s vision, implicate means for global positioning so that â€Å"no one need ever again be lost.\r\n” Later, in Profiles of the Future, he predicted the advent of such a device taking place in the mid-1980s The most commonly used info application on mobile phones is SMS text messaging. The commencement SMS text message was sent from a computer to a mobile phone in 1992 in the UK, while the eldest person-to-person SMS from phone to phone was sent in Finland in 1993. Mobile phones are used for a variety of purposes, including retentiveness in touch with family members, conducting business, and having access to a telephone in the event of an emergency. almost people carry more than one cell phone for contrasting purposes, such as for business and personal use.\r\n ternary SIM cards may also be used to take advantage of the benefits of varied calling excogitationsâ€a particular plan might provide cheaper local calls, long-distance call calls, international calls, or roaming. The most advantage of having mobile phone is you can communicate with your family, and friends no matter where you are. Cell phones also have applications for listening to music, playing games, and surfboarding the net. Besides that, at that place are scads of injurys. Using mobile phones can harm our brains, especially for those who are under the age of sixteen.\r\nExcessive use of mobile phones has been accuse of causing dizziness, and â€Å"radiations emitted from the phone are perverting for the eardrum”, say many scientists. In addition, when we use mobile phones while crusade it causes unwanted accidents. Negative effects of cell phones on ou r brain Radiation from mobile phones may cause brain wander prostitute, a two-year study has represent. Scientists detect that emissions from handsets affect the delicate make-up of cells in blood vessels, and could be a wellness hazard to regular users of the UK’s 50million mobile phones. The radiation might disable a safety barrier in the torso which protects the brain\r\nfrom harmful substances in the blood, they believe. It is the firstborn time scientists have used cells from homophile blood vessels rather than rats, bringing researchers immediate to the truth about long-term mobile phone use. Despite the millions spent on research in the hold decade, the health implications of sustained use are excuse unclear. The biggest British study, led by Sir William Stewart, found two old age ago that there was no evidence of a risk to health. A study published last year by the American matter Cancer Institute also could not find a link among increased risk of brain c ancer and mobile use. III. enquiry Methodology\r\nResearch Design Name: Age: wind: 1. How often do you use your cell phone ? 2. Do you know that using cell phone too much causes unwanted damages to the brain ? If yes. Do you believe that children below 10 years of age shouldn’t use cell phones ? 3. Is it genuinely necessary for a person to have a cell phone ? Explain. 4. Is cell phone a disadvantage or advantage to your life ? Explain. entropy Gathering Procedure The researcher will randomly ask ten (10 ) representatives out of the 37 students in the 4th year. A questionnaire was prepared by the researcher that will be used as a reference. The survey was conducted through the net.\r\nIV. Analysis and interlingual rendition of Data This chapter presents the findings, analysis and interpretation of data gathered by the researcher whose chief(prenominal) objective is to find out the different perspectives of people and to find out what kind of damage our cell phone will do to our brain and also to enounce some advantages of it. Through my research I’ve found out that many scientist have and will conduct research about the radiation that we can get from cell phones. Mostly scientist from America conducts these kinds of researches. I also found out that the radiation of the cell phone emits is dangerous to all of us.\r\n curiously those who are 16 years of age and below. I also found out that there is not enough produce that cell phones can really damage our brain. Someone said that it is early for us to conclude that cell phones are speculative for our health. Because even scientists can’t really find the right answer to our questions. A scientist said that we don’t know what will be the impact of the radiation of the cell phone emits will do to us if we still use it for the beside 10 or even 20 years. He also said that that is the lawsuit why we need to conduct more studies. According to my survey 9 out of 10 said that they a lways use their cell phones.\r\n9 out 10 said that they know that using cell phone too much causes unwanted damages to the brain. 10 out of 10 said that having cell phone is necessary because it’s time for us to come along and use the cell phone to communicate and because it is easier to do, it also takes less of our time if we use our cell phones as I have said in my introduction cell phones are wireless, we can use them anywhere. 5 out of 10 said that cell phones are advantages to their lives. Because it makes almost everything easy. 1 out of 10 said that it is a disadvantage because is makes us lazy. 4 out of 10 said that they pick advantage and disadvantage.\r\n'

'Admission Essay Final\r'

'Pursuing my ideate career in Practical treat go forth find to me a great sense of satisfaction.  I arrive always wanted to study nursing up to the highest education level possible for two reasons; one and only(a) to use the education for life and secondly to abide off the education. last for me is just more than attaining good grades. Education for me is an opportunity to develop into a well-rounded person, fully agreeped to face the world and serve my community of interests and humanity and eventually make the world a better place for future generations to live in.The air current naturalise of technology University has a unique culture which emphasizes on innovation, imagination and a culture of valuing of people. The acquit School of Technology University has a well-equipped library which meets the interrogation needs of learners, fully computerized and equipped with state of the invention equipment. This is very ideal for nursing students and is very cruci al for me as a nursing student.Throughout my life, I reach always desired to study nursing from a reput competent University hence my desire to join leave School of Technology University which has unmatched standards in as far as nursing programs are concerned. My dream is to excel as a nursing student and graduate as a well-rounded nursing professional able to deal with the challenges that constantly write out in the field.Without this hands-on experience, skills and knowledge, I cannot be able to make it, hence, my resolve to join Lead School of Technology University where I believe I will achieve my career and academic goals.  My dream to obey nursing stems from an early age, partly from the encouragement from parents and secondly from my personal ambitions and career goals.My ambition is grounded in the acknowledgement that I am largeed I whap caring for people. I understand the importance of nurturing the talent and for me, the best way to do it is by examine nursin g at the University level.For me, nursing is more than giving care; it is more than a path to a promising career.   treat is a means to express oneself in one of the mot effective ways. Nursing leads to special way of communication in that it connects the flirt with and the patient.Nursing is the best avenue to solve some of the genial challenges the world is faced with, in regard to disease. Nursing can play a very positivist role in conflict resolution in a world dominated by abandon and selfishness.It is my conviction that, enrolling for a LPN course in this college will provide me with the necessary information-based skills to excel in achieving my career goals.  In this competitive world, it takes discipline, an understanding of relevant laws, a good understanding of ethical economy of conduct and a couple of other skills to pop off in the competitive nursing field.  My addition for a LPN program will therefore equip me with the above-mentioned skills and there fore make me a restricted professional.Conclusion My interest in Lead School of Technology University is informed by the fact that, it will continue me with an empowering study environment. Lead School of Technology University has a sizeable number of students which means that, admission at the University requires high qualifications making it a center for excellence. I really look forward to getting admission to the Lead School of Technology University nursing program.BibliographyGordon, V (2005).  Career advising: An academic advisor’s guide. San Francisco CA: Jossey-Bass.\r\n'

'How Language Transformed Humanity Essay\r'

'The evolutionary biologist emphasize Pagel states, in his speech, that dustup is the most powerful, risky and ultra characteristic of the human being ever evolved. The conclusion of the speaker is to inform about the great and potent features of this trait. Pagel explains to us that when we talk, we are able to transfer thoughts in some ace else’s mind and vice-versa using much(prenominal) a form of telemetry. In other terminology this process is similar to what happens between TV far control and television.\r\nAccording to this biologist wrangle is one of the most subversive means that we can mapping to express ourselves. One very representative exercise is the censorship and the awareness that we have to pay worry to when we say or write anything. Going on, Mr Pagel poses devil important questions: he asks the reason why language evolves itself, and why it evolved in our species and not in others. The execute is that only human beings have a peculiar(prenomi nal) feature named â€Å"social eruditeness”, which lets us ameliorate ourselves by watching and copying the actions that someone else did.\r\n such a revolutionary characteristic could also disallow us from making the same mistakes and allows us to do the same action better than before. So we comprise progresses, whereas the smarter animals remain doing some activities over and over again, without thumping advancements. As a result of the social hireing or, as anthropologists call it, cumulative cultural fitting we can make stuff, and all the things that surround us are consequences of this process. Now we are moving towards a critical point, which is: â€Å"Why do we have language? ”.\r\nFirst, Mr. Pagel states that social learning is visual theft. We can learn detaching ideas and benefit from the best qualities of someone else, without working on something or persevering on it. secondly he reveals us that when human beings discovered this face of social l earning (thousands of years ago) arose a dilemma: â€Å"How can we preserve our best ideas and avoid that others steal them? ”. Our ancestors could have behaved in the following ways: concentrating themselves in small groups so as to bequeath the acquired tuition to offspring.\r\nBut the result would have been isolation and a slight improvement. Or they could have created a agreement of communication to start cooperating with one another and character everything useful. Obviously they had chosen the second option and in this way language was born. So the solution to the antecedent dilemma is communication. Then Mr. Pagel points out how peculiar the occurrence is that we have 8000 opposite languages spoken on Earth. more(prenominal) surprising is that the greatest density is located in the smallest areas such as islands.\r\nThis is related to the tendency of mass to isolate in small groups in ball club to protect identities and cultures. On the other side straightaw ay we communicate a lot more than in the past. But our modern world founded on connectivity and cooperation is check by the variety of languages. This raises the question: â€Å"is it possible in our globalized and standardized world to have all these different languages? ”. Mr. Pagel has no answer but it seems inevitable that our wad might be a one language world.\r\n'

'Medical advancements in World War Two Essay\r'

' gentleman state of struggle II brought devastation and destruction upon the world. On the other hand, it also heart-to-heart doors for pioneering developments that commonly occur during such situations of high adversity. round of the most pregnant advancements took place in the dramaturgy of medicine when the world was embroiled in earth fightfarefare II. As Dr. Ralph Major states, â€Å"An army is a vast laboratory of health check research w present unhealthiness and injuries are seen on a far big scale than in easetime. Many improvements in the sermon of infections cause come from experiences on the battle scope” (Major 52). bleakness in the war leave countless soldiers and civils with spirit threatening injuries and diseases. This devastation and destruction, led to the innovation of the ternion most authorized medicines in history viz. Penicillin, parentage plasm and Sulfanilamide. These tierce innovations in the field of medicine helped save th ousands of soldiers in macrocosm war II and are considered to be the most consequential medical advancements in the war.\r\nâ€Å"Penicillin fought for the soldier as courageously as the soldier fought for his country” (www.lib.niu.edu). Out of the three innovations in medicine during realism War II, penicillin headless was the most all-important(prenominal). Penicillin was invented by Dr. Alexander Fleming in 1928 and was polar in saving lives of soldiers on D-Day where stockpiles of penicillin were ga in that locationd in depots of England and were on hand in time for the assort invasion of Ger legion(predicate) (Rowland 32) . Operation Overload was the pivotal focalise of worldly concern War II because that was when the Allies took the foul-smelling and attacked the German stronghold of Normandy Beach. It was estimated that 3000 lives were saved on that daylight with the use of Penicillin and by the time the war finish that estimate turned out to be over tw o million (www.historylearningsite.co.uk).\r\nThese figures cl beforehand(predicate) show how utilitarian penicillin was during the period of the war. Penicillin however was initiatory seen in carry out in the Battle of Britain where air raids by the Luftwaffe left many a(prenominal) civilians and soldiers acheed and the doctors requisite more sound instructions to treat burns (www.lib.niu.edu). Penicillin was needed in large numbers as it was the only way Britain could save their soldiers and civilians. Penicillin was also the first broad spectrum antibiotic ever created. It was first broad spectrum antibiotic because it aged(a) various diseases such as: â€Å"hemolytic, streptococcus, gonorrhea, syphilis and it was a wonderful antibiotic for wounds and burns” (www.historystudycenter.com).\r\nAll these diseases could be cured with the use of penicillin and displays how penicillin outnumbered any other medical advancement during World War II in the number of diseases it cured. Soldiers also felt more confident(p) having penicillin in their pockets as they knew that no disease could imply them as long as they had penicillin. This passionate stay could be observed through posters from World War II saying â€Å" give thanks to Penicillin…He provide Come Home!!” which was used as propaganda in an attempt to diminish the fear of going to war on the home front (www.mcatmaster.com). Penicillin had make civilians to cling involved in the war effort and was right called the war’s ‘wonder drug’ (www.abc.net/au). Penicillin had motivated the medical industry to expand and an accidental breakthrough more than sixty years ago in the laboratory of Alexander Fleming helped save countless lives during World War II.\r\nBlood germ plasm was also an important medical advancement during World War II as when war was raged in Europe, origin was needed for the wounded troops and plasma was used to rapture beginning to the w ounded soldiers. It was invented by Dr. Charles Drew in 1938; he discovered it by separating the plasma from the in all blood and so refrigerating them separately (home.att.net/steinert.htm). They could then be combined up to a hebdomad later for a blood transfusion (www.history.amedd/army). Blood plasma could replace whole blood and this uncovering played a major role in World War II where many countries undergo extreme casualties with a lot of bleeding, resulting in the Brobdingnagian losses of blood. Plasma was used to transfer blood as it served to intimidate satisfactory blood imperativeness and supply critical proteins and globulins (antibodies) to the wounded soldiers (www.usaaf.net/wwii). There were many uses of Plasma on the battlefield and on the whole, it helped keep a proper balance in the soundbox which makes it one of the best innovations in medical history.\r\nThe insistency demand for blood on the battlefields led to Britain organizing the outside(a) Transf usion Association in 1940 which collected blood ( battalion donated blood) and turned it into blood plasma. This program collected, processed and transported 14,500 units of plasma to the allied armies and it was all through within atomic number 23-spot months (home.att.net/wwii.htm). Dr. Drew was an important member of the group and his scientific research helped revolutionize blood plasma transfusion so that blood plasma could readily be given to wounded soldiers on the battlefield, which dramatically ameliorate opportunities to save lives. Blood plasma could also be dried which made it really easy to transport, pack, retention and the soldiers could also carry it around in their pockets (www.history.amedd/army).\r\nAs mentioned in the ‘United States office of war’ newsreel â€Å"Soldiers in Normandy got the best medical care science could tornado and plasma cheated death in cases of many soldiers” (www.concise.britannica.com). Soldiers standard the most modern medical treatments on D-day in Normandy beach and blood transfusion of soldiers was sometimes done just behind the fighting army lines. Planes carried nigh a ton of Plasma on that day to the beach which helped save approximately 900 soldiers (www.concise.britannica.com). All these miracles had been performed by blood plasma during WWII which offered the victims of war a glow of hope and saved massive amounts of people at Normandy Beach, truly making it a panacea that change several aspects of life.\r\nâ€Å"The Nazis discovered it. The allies won the war with it…This incredible discovery was Sulpha” (www.asm.org). Sulpha drugs or Sulfanilamide greatly affected the mortality rates during World War II, especially for the Allies and helped save thousands of soldiers and many important people. One of them was Winston Churchill who was the British premier in 1943. He had caught a grim disease called promise pneumonia and was on the verge of death. His physician had to give him M + B 693 sulfonamidenamide to cure him and â€Å"there is little doubt that the novel Sulfa drug defeated the pneumonia and in all likelihood saved his life” (www.asm.org). His recovery was very important to the Allies as that was the time they were making plans for D-Day in which Britain had a major role. Approximately 140,000 allied soldiers carried a package of Sulfa powder (Sulfanilamide) on D-Day in their medical pouches and they were also taught how to immediately sprinkle sulpha powder on any open wound to prevent infection (elibrary.bigchalk.com). This evidence illustrates how important sulfanilamide was to every soldier in the war and all the countries were cursorily to realize its importance.\r\nAt an outbreak of Meningitis in the cut Foreign Legion in Nigeria, while sulfanilamide was available, there was an eleven percent mortality rate. and later on the supply was exhausted, mortality climbed up to seventy five percent (Margotta 58). The mor tality rates in World War II would have been much high if it were not for sulfanilamide and this incident is a clear depicting of what would have happened. In the United States in the early thirty’s, about hundred thousand people died annually of pneumonia, blood poisoning and cerebrospinal meningitis. bang had afflicted some twelve million Americans which became a serious issue for the United States government (www.pubs.acs/org).\r\nThese numbers however, decreased dramatically by the early 1940’s and much of the credit goes to Gerhard Domagk and his team of chemists who developed the very first sulfa drugs that could treat the diseases (mentioned earlier) and also heart-to-heart up the door to modern medicines (www.pubs.acs/org). Sulfa drugs preceded penicillin by almost ten years as they first developed in 1932, so â€Å"they carried the main curative burden in both military and civilian medicine during the war” (elibrary.bigchalk.com). They also proved extraordinarily fruitful as starting points for new drugs or classes of drugs, both for bacterial infections and for a number of important non-infectious diseases. The initial breakthrough in the 1930’s of sulfa drugs research is the stem today in the incumbent search for the effective treatments for AIDS making it a truly revolutionary antibiotic.\r\nSo, therefore Penicillin, Blood Plasma and Sulfanilamide were considered the most important medical innovations during World War II because of the tremendous impact they had in the war and the countless number of lives they saved. All of the medical advancements in World War Two went on to advance society after the war had ended. Whether such developments would have occurred at the same pace in peace time will never be known. But the one very interesting thing here is that, medical advancements take place at such a rapid pace mainly because of a major war and the problem of the great number of casualties due to a major war is figure out by medicine. Therefore, war and medicine are fatal partners and are very closely related unless are not the same thing, as war causes the problems and medicine solves them.\r\nCitations/ ReferencesBooksMargotta, Roberto. History of medicinal drug. Britain: Hamlyn, 1996.\r\nMajor, Ralph Hermon. Fatal Partners: War and disease. 3rd. capital of the United Kingdom: Doran\r\n&Company, 1941.\r\nRowland, John. The Penicillin Man: The story of Alexander Fleming. EightImpression. capital of the United Kingdom: Lutherworth Press, 1969.\r\nWebsitesDixon, Bernard. â€Å"Sulfa’s True Signicance.” 11 Nov 2006. 26 May 2007.\r\nKiefer, David. â€Å"Miracle Medicines.” Today’s Chemist at Work. AmericanChemical Society. 26 May 2007.\r\nKendrick, Douglas. â€Å"Plasma equipment and Packaging.” Medical division U.SArmy. 06 June 2006. 26 May 2007.\r\nMailer, John. â€Å"Penicillin: Medicine’s Wartime.” Illinois Periodicals Online atNort hern Illinois University. Illinois Periodicals Online. 26 May 2007.\r\nNanney, James. â€Å"Aeromedical Evacuation.” The U.S army Air thrust In WWII.\r\n26 May 2007.\r\nSteinert, David. â€Å"The History of WWII medicine.” World War II: Combat Medic.\r\n04 May 2002. 26 May 2007.\r\nTorok, Dr. Simon. â€Å"Maker of the Miracle Mould.” Howard Florey: The story.\r\n26 May 2007.\r\nTrueman, Chris. â€Å"Medicine and World War Two.” WWII. 26 May 2007.\r\nDatabasesRoff, Sue. â€Å"The engine room of healing: A century of Medicne.” History StudyCenter. 2003. Helicon. 26 May 2007″Sulfa Drug.” eLibrary. 12 Jan 2005. Encyclopedia Britannica. 26 May 2007.\r\nPrimary SourcesWorld War II Poster. â€Å"Thanks to Penicillin… He Will Come\r\nHome!!”U.S. component of War Information newsreel. â€Å"Penicillin and plasma save lives.”Normandy, June-July 1944. case Archives, Washington, D.C.\r\n'

'Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein Essay\r'

' \r\n cataclysm followed them: of their four children, only champion lived very long. then(prenominal) in 1822, aged just thirty, bloody shame’s husband dr professed when on a cruise with her husband, his dis designate having capsized due to a summer storm. bloody shame’s invigoration was effectively over: even though she lived for another thirty years, her flame n perpetually again burned-over as brightly as it had make in the comp each of her husband. She pursued to live as a professional writer until her death in 1851. bloody shame was constantly tormented in living by death and depression, which may have take her to write ‘Frankenstein’.\r\nFrankenstein is a book about off complete’s thirst for k deal a shotledge, about the way he is not satisfied unless he knows all the wonders of the human race. In many cases, this can involve to the final stage of a man’s soul, as it did to passkey Frankenstein. His postulate to learn the secrets of heaven and earth ended in disaster. The colossus was the embodiment of ugliness, bringing death and demolition wherever it laid foot. It brought death to Frankenstein’s family, in a pure quest for revenge. Symbolic of well-nigh mephistophelian, the addict was manmade. In many ways bloody shame Shelley’s life can be compared to that of superordinate Frankenstein’s.\r\nMary must have matte that wherever she went, iniquity followed, as those closest to her were snatched away. She portrayed this in Frankenstein as headmaster’s family was destroyed by the monster, symbolic of the evil she felt followed her. Mary’s marriage is as well as represented in Frankenstein. Mary’s marriage to Percy Shelley was the happiest magazine of her life in the get-go-class honours degree place he was killed. In the very(prenominal) way, Victor’s marriage to Elizabeth was the only joy he had felt in a long time, when just as su ddenly she was murdered by the monster, again symbolizing the evil that Mary felt killed her husband.\r\nMary also describes very vividly the pain that Victor felt, atomic be 82 us to believe that she must have felt the aforesaid(prenominal) pain and agony. She reveals this in many situations such as the quotes, ‘the overflowing misery I now felt, and the excess of agitation that I endured rendered me incapable of any exertion’ and, ‘a fiend had snatched from me every disaster of future happiness; no creature had ever been so miserable as I was’. The expiration of the story was that the death of Victor Frankenstein led the monster to believe that his work was d ace, and so the monster burned himself to death.\r\nThe creation had ironically led to the death of the creator. Mary believed that in the event of a man’s demise, the evil inside him dies as well. Frankenstein contains a wretched ending, with the destruction of a whole family due to a man’s insatiable quest for knowledge. Mary’s life also consisted of a dark ending, in which she was never as euphoric as she was when with her husband. She died a l superstarly death, without her loved ones surrounding her, the same fate shared by Victor Frankenstein. The monster in Frankenstein can be compared to the beast in Lord of the locomote. There are two similarities and differences.\r\nIn both novels, the idea of a monster/beast represents the pure manifestation of evil. Mutually they lead to the destruction and death of those around them. They are equally spawned from the instinct and hands of humans. They both originally spring from the minds of humans. To explain, in Lord of the Flies is the imagination of the boys representing evil, and in Frankenstein it is Victor’s wild imagination and thirst for apprehension that leads to the creation of the monster. However, this can also be viewed as a particular dissimilarity. In Frankenstein, the monst er is vivid real and physically inflicts harm on Victor’s family.\r\nHowever in Lord of the Flies the beast is just as deadly and evil, only when is inside the children’s minds. William Golding was born in Cornwall in 1911. His family was progressive and it was the first source of influence for Golding’s talent. He studied physics and English books at Marlboro and Oxford University of England. From the first years of his life, he approach the atrocities of war. Fuelled with stories his parents related to him about the first war, he took part in the second great war by joining the British Navy at 1940. by and by the war, William became a teacher at a boys instruct in Salisbury. Here, he started to act as a writer.\r\nHe observed many children in their natural environment, and must have witnessed the negative side of a child’s nature countless number of times. This led him to write Lord Of The Flies which was his first published book. William Golding lived through the two biggest wars in history. During his time in the Navy, he had a constant proctor of the evil and brutality in the hearts of men. He saw countless lives lost around him, several(prenominal) belonging to his friends. It had been revealed to him that the pure evil inside a man can start world wars. This, along with his teaching experiences, was his incentive to write Lord Of The Flies.\r\n afterwards surviving the war, he saw during his teaching that children were not bereft of evil either. Combining these two topics he wrote Lord Of The Flies, the conflict between humanity’s innate barbarism and the civilizing influence of reason. In the book, he portrays asshole as the embodiment of evil. It is motherfucker’s thirst for power that causes the breakdown of civilisation. In this way, Jack can be compared to Hitler. Jack did not necessitate to stop murdering until the whole of Ralph’s group were killed. In the same way, Hitler did not want to stop until the world was rid of Jews.\r\nJack’s tribe wore compositors case paint whereas Hitler and the Nazis wore the sign of the Swastika on their arms. Jack is aided in his quest of destruction by Roger, who can be compared to the Nazis. Roger also represents pure evil and wrongness, moreso even than Jack. He derived sadistic pleasure from excruciating pigs and the other boys on the island. Similarly, the Nazis tortured the Jews from which they obtained a swan sense of fulfilment. Roger is one of Jack’s intimately loyal helpers, and gladly carries out his orders, in the same manner the Nazis obeyed Hitler. The ending of the novel can be interpreted in two different ways.\r\nThe first would be to interpret that William Golding does actually have a positive outlook on life and believes that the end of life will be a happy one. This can be portrayed as the oceanic officer who has come to end the evil and get by the boys from the clutches of death, and thus th e arrival of authority seems like a happy and ironic ending. However if one digs deeper it is just a continuation from one war to another. Once all the boys get on the Navy cruiser, they’ll most likely just be subjected to more battle and fighting, this time on a worldwide level, due to the war taking place in the outside world.\r\nTo conclude, the common theme in both novels was the evil in man. Both authors had their own experiences that led them to believe that evil resides amongst all of us. They both took their experiences and portrayed them in novels filled with symbolism. Mary Shelley believed that evil is constantly around us, and that no-one can escape. She believed that man has an evil inside of him so powerful that it can lead to the destruction of his own soul. William Golding’s understanding was that every man is born with evil inside him.\r\nHe didn’t believe in man’s innocence after the second world war. He found that even children are not innocent, saying, ‘No one is innocent until the society and the way of his life make him to pretend that he’s innocent. save sometimes, when a man is facing a concentrated situation then he will believably show his other nature, the dark and guilty nature. ‘ Shyam Kanabar designate preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Mary Shelley section.\r\n'

'Automobile and Cars Essay\r'

'The official definition of an railway car is â€Å"a passenger fomite designed for consummation on ordinary roads and typic exclusivelyy having quartet wheels and a gasoline or diesel internal- burn locomotive” (Merriam-Webster 51). in that respect is no adept person true for the invention of the go, but rather a order of battle of advancements that acquired into the modern-day automobile (Smith 12). Today, there are nigh 600 million passenger fomites in existence worldwide, with poetry rapidly increasing in emerging economical â€Å"power countries”, such as China and India (Smith 23).\r\nA Flemish man named Ferdinand Verbiest introduced the world-classly design for a self-propelled vehicle in 1672, in China, some one hundred years before the root internal combustion locomotive engine (Smith 25). From the late 17th hundred to the early nineteenth deoxycytidine monophosphate, a serial publication of vehicles, all propelled by steam, were construc ted and demonstrated worldwide (Smith 34). The steam car was a superior machine in the nineteen hundreds (Smith 34). Steam cars were responsible for everyday travel, mercenary transportation and even held land speed records (Smith36).\r\nIt wasn’t until 1807 that the world’s first internal combustion engine was scored, in France, by Nicephore Niepce (Smith 36). Another drawing card in the creation of the internal combustion engine was Francois Issac de Rivaz, who r organic evolutionized the enkindle that the engines ran on (Smith 36). Early automobiles powered by internal combustion engine ran on fuel made of powered and coal mixed with vegetable oil or a mixture of elements, such as hydrogen and oxygen (Smith 36). In 1824, and Englishman named Samuel Brown fit the steam engine to burn gasoline and created the first gas vacuum engine (Smith 38).\r\nSir Dougald Clerk, of Scotland, was accredited in 1876 for designing the first successful two-stroke engine (Smith39) . In 1890, Wilhelm Mayback created the first four-cylinder, four-stroke engine (Smith39). Everything changed in 1885, when vehicle engineering science took a sharp turn towards the future in regards to efficiency and affordability, thanks to the German inventor, Karl Benz (Smith 49). As the commercialize for economical automobiles in the late nineteenth century began to grow, the need for industrial work was pressing. Benz patented the first four-stroke engine to be placed in his fellowship’s production automobiles in 1888 (Smith 50).\r\nThe first large-scale assembly production lines appeared in the early 1900s, some of which are still around today (Smith 24). Oldsmobile and crossover were two of the first companies to successfully mass-produce vehicles to get hold of the vast automotive market needs. American entrepreneur, henry Ford, invented and improved the assembly line and installed the first conveyer belt belt system in his automobile manufacturing plant, gr ound in Detroit, Michigan (Smith 95). Assembly lines reduced production costs by training workers to become experts with one specific part of the automobile or machinery, thus reducing production costs (Smith 97).\r\nFord introduced the feign T in 1908, which could be assembled in an peculiar ninety-three minutes. In the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, governments began to create and enforce automobile safety and environmental regulations (Smith 103). The globe Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations is a running(a) party of the United Nations Economic Commission for atomic number 63 (UNECE), the goal of this organization is to facilitate international occupation by creating a uniform model of regulations for vehicle design (Corbett 67).\r\nThe UNECE is also responsible for creating and enforcing regulations on vehicle safety among automotive manufacturers (Corbett 69). According to the World wellness Organization (WHO), more than one million tribe are injured or fatally wounded on the world’s roads every year (Corbett 70). Some examples of vehicle regulations include seat belts, course bags and laminated hustleshields (Corbett 71). Seat belts limit the forward motion of the driver or passengers and absorb kinetic energy by stretching to retain movement if an possibility occurs (Corbett 71).\r\n stemma bags inflate to cushion to cushion the impact of the vehicle occupants and are placed in various locations in the vehicle’s interior, such as guide wheels, dash and doors (Corbett 71). Laminated windshields are designed to remain in one piece when impacted to prevent shattering, date maintaining visual clarity just after an accident has occurred, allowing the driver to safely redirect themselves from harm’s way (Corbett 71). There are also regulations for vehicle’ side windows and back windshield (Corbett 72).\r\nWindows and rear wind shields must be manufactured with tempered glass, which breaks into granul es with minimally sharp edges, rather than splitting into jagged fragments as ordinary glass does (Corbett 72). Many new lavishness features, such as paint color choices, differences in interior and upgraded designs and environmental features much as galvanic or hybrid engines in the twentieth century emerged on the market (Anderson and Anderson 167). The modern day automobile is a vehicle of evolutionary change and has change exponentially over the last several centuries.\r\nToday, the lead manufacturers of automobiles are Toyota (Japan), General Motors (USA), Volkswagen (Germany) and Ford (USA) (Corbett 22). These leading manufacturers all embody features and characteristics that make their product and branding unequaled and memorable, as well as abiding by worldwide government standards which include regulations of vehicle safety, environmental protection, energy efficiency and theft resistance (Corbett 13-16, 18).\r\nThe evolution of motor vehicles from the seventeenth centu ry to present-day is astounding. It would be reasonable to argue that the automobile is the single just about evolved piece of modern machinery of all time. Motor vehicle usage has evolved over time, beginning with use for personalized leisure and developed for commercial transportation, public infiltrate and racing. The transformation of production and assembly, as well as the addition of customizable features mark the individualistic ideals of the twenty-first century.\r\nThere no doubt, motor vehicles will continue to evolve throughout time with environmental needs at the forefront worldwide and the ever-growing necessity of increasing highlife among automobile owners. Works Cited Anderson, Curtis Darrel, and Judy Anderson. Electric and Hybrid Cars: A news report. Chicago: McFarland, 2010. Print. Corbett, David. A History of Cars. New York: Gareth Stevens Publishers, 2005. Print. Merriam-Webster, Inc. , . Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary. 11th. New York: Merria m-Webster, Inc. , 2003. Print. Smith, Kaelyn. A Brief History of Automobiles. New York: Webster’s Digital Services, 2011. Print.\r\n'

'Virgin Atlantic Case Study\r'

'Atlantics primary worry is that they were operating in the middle of the optimal returns-grade model. Their slogan had become â€Å"Offering a source Class service at less than introductory Class fares”. In which unadulterated Atlantic Is crack high musical note at a disordered cost, which animations them In the middle and not lucrative. It seems that Virgin Atlantic did not take Into account that offering a allowance service as they were would come at a premium cost for them and when throwing In piteous cost fares Into the mix they were reading a imp rail linement and expectations they will not be able to foster for a long time.Starting off as a low cost premium airline aimed towards the note class may have been there delegacy into the market and obtain market share just at some point they needed to reach their way out of the middle of the optimal utility model and shift either towards high gauge or low cost, not both at the same time to stay profitable . Seeing that there number 1 goal was to provide premium innovative work/ products they could have gone the highroad that Apple Inc. As done by providing innovative premium products at a premium prices rather than setting themselves up for future losses.A recommendation for Virgin Atlantics primary worry of operating In the middle of the optimal utility model, In which consumers want either high quality or low cost products and services. Virgin should discover moving forward with innovation and providing a premium experience for all of their passengers but do it at a higher price so that they do not create any losses. Another route to go in would be to become a upper low cost provider for their commerce class niche and stop spending on infilling entertainment and amenities and focus only on slueting costs which would allow them to be profitable as a low cost air transportation provider.Another secondary problem is that during Virgin Atlantics quest to be innovative, top man agement neglected to pretend innovations that would help the company in terms of great(p) costs and Increasing profit. They only focused on innovations that benefited the consumers and not any self-interest. For example when Virgin acuity management team decided that they did not want passengers to feel bored, they came up with innovative ways to keep them entertained during their flights such as pioneering individual television receiver screens for every seat.But innovations like that did not help them cut any costs or increase fares importantly enough to increase profits or sheer costs. A recommendation in regards to creating innovations to help constrict costs and increase profits would be for Virgin Atlantic Airways to partner with small shipping impasses who could deal cargo spot on Virgin Atlantic flights that are not at full capacity, so that they can come more revenue on flights that are not traveling full of passengers.Another progressive Idea would be to use the I ndividual characterisation screens that they pioneered as ad space in the middle and Economy class section of their planes. By doing so Vulgar Atlantic would be able generate additional revenues by selling ad space to advertisers, which would allow them to lower their cost per route,\r\n'

'Controversial History of the House of the Seven Gables\r'

'Africa, by David Diop David Mandessi Diop (19271960) was a revolutionary Afri undersurface poet innate(p) in France solitary(prenominal) if postingh p arnts of West African descent. His poesys graduate(prenominal) schoollighted problems of Africa brought more by colonialism and gave a mess senesce to Africans to croak on about change and freedom. He was cognize for his battle in the negritude driving force in France, a movement started by shameful writers and artists protesting over against French colonialism and its effects of African farming and values. His views and looking ats were published in â€Å"Presence Africaine” and in his book of meters â€Å"Coups de pillon” which was published in 1956.Diop died at the age of 33 in a plane gate-crash. Africa my Africa Africa of lofty warriors in ancestral savannahs Africa of whom my grandm otherwise sings On the banks of the hostile river The poesy starts by Diop reminiscing about Africa, a drink down he has not seen but ex re buildly perceive about from his grand fusss songs. His choice of words equal â€Å" foreign” symbolise how far he is from his country, a feeling based on his real support as he lived in France through and throughout his sisterhood and only when visited Africa in the 1950s.Despite this, he paints a vivid photograph of Africa and the proud warriors who walk on its â€Å"ancestral savannahs” You can sense how only overmuch he misses his homeland by his stress on the word Africa, and he continues to plow it â€Å"My Africa” to wildnesse it is his land and his feelings of patriotism towards it. I lead never greetn you But your line of reasoning flows in my veins Your beautiful pitch- sullen split that irrigates the fields The blood of your sweat The sweat of your work The work of your slavery He continues to say that he has never k promptlyn Africa, but despite the distance he cannot defy how much it is a place of hi m.The â€Å"beautiful b wish blood” which flows in his veins describes his African descent and shows how much Africa is a part of him and his love for it and its people. The next verses atomic number 18 angry and accusatory as he stresses that it is the blood and sweat of his people which is irrigating the fields for the benefit of other people. By this he is pointing a finger at the colonialists who exploited stark people and employ them as slaves to profit from their firmly labour. Africa, tell me Africa Is this your plunk for that is straight This back that never breaks under the weight of shameThis back trembling with red scars And saying no to the spank under the midday sun. In these verses he urges the Black people to stand up to the pain and the humiliation that they are suffering in their own land. He reminds them of the strength Teleph angiotensin-converting enzyme Conversation by Wole Soyinka Nigerian poet Wole Soyinka consumptions jeering to depict the ab surdity of racism in his poem, â€Å"Teleph mavin(a) Conversation. IRONY the habit of words to be obtain a means that is the opposite of its misprint significance: the irony of her reply, â€Å"How nice! ” when I give tongue to I had to work entirely weekend. technique of indicating, as through character or plot development, an intention or attitude opposite to that which is genuinely or patently stated. (esp. in contemporary opus) a manner of organizing a work so as to give estimable expression to contradictory or complementary impulses, attitudes, etcetera , esp. as a means of indicating detachment from a subject, theme, or emotion. raillery, satire, satire indicate mockery of something or someone. The essential feature of irony is the indirect introduction of a contradiction between an exertion or expression and the context in which it occurs.In the figure of speech, emphasis is placed on the opposition between the literal and intended meaning of a statemen t; one thing is said and its opposite implied, as in the comment, â€Å"Beautiful weather, isnt it? ” made when it is raining or nasty. Irony differs from banter in greater subtlety and wit. In sarcasm ridicule or mockery is used harshly, often crudely and contemptuously, for destructive purposes. It may be used in an indirect manner, and go through the cultivate of irony, as in â€Å"What a fine instrumentalist you turned out to be! or it may be used in the form of a direct statement, â€Å"You couldnt play one piece correctly if you had both assistants. ” The distinctive quality of sarcasm is defend in the spoken word and manifested chiefly by vocal inflection, whereas satire and irony, arising origin all toldy as literary and rhetorical forms, are exhibited in the organization or structuring of either language or literary material. raillery usually implies the use of irony or sarcasm for censorious or critical purposes and is often direct at public figures or institutions, conventional behavior, policy-making situations, etc. Some examples:When something adult has happened: â€Å"This is well(p) great,” or â€Å"That was just perfect. ” In response to a bad joke: â€Å"Thats just so funny,” or apparently feigned (and often weak) laughter â€Å"Ha. Ha. Ha. NOT. ” When a softened statement has been made: â€Å"Wow, great! ” When someone has thoroughly botched something: â€Å"Great job! ” or â€Å" extolment! ” When somebody accuses another of something bad/wrong: â€Å"Do I get bonus points if I act like I care? ” Used when writing: I love school The loud utterer of the poem, a gloomful West African man hard-hitting for a new apartment, tells the story of a shout call he made to a electric potential land gentlewoman.Instead of discussing price, berth, amenities, and other information significant to the apartment, they discussed the talkers undress color. The landla dy is pit forth as a polite, well-bred woman, purge though she is shown to be sh allowly racist. The loudspeaker is described as universe genuinely apologetic for his skin color, steady though he has no reason to be sorry for something which he was born with and has no function over. In this short poem, we can see that the speaker is an intelligent person by his use of high diction and quick wit, not the blare that the landlady assumes he is because of his skin color.All of these discrepancies between what appears to be and what really is create a sense of verbal irony that helps the poem display the ridiculousness of racism. â€Å"The price seemed reasonable, location / abstracted” The archetypical sentence of the poem includes a paronomasia that introduces the theme of the following poem and in like manner informs us that things are not going to be as straightforward as they appear. â€Å"The price seemed reasonable, location / abstracted” If we read ov er these lines pronto, we would assume that the speaker meant â€Å" be neither practiced nor bad” by the use of the word in distinct .But, in varied is alike delimit as â€Å"Characterized by a lack of partiality; unprec onceived notioned. ” This other definition gives the sentence an i studyly antithetical meaning. Instead of the apartments location being neither good or bad, we read that the apartments location is unbiased and impartial. However, we quickly learn in the following lines of the poem that the location of the apartment is the exact opposite of unbiased and impartial. The speaker is rudely denied the ability to rent the property because of bias towards his skin color.This opening pun quickly grabs our fear and suggests that we as readers be on the lookout for to a greater extent subtle uses of language that bequeath alter the meaning of the poem. â€Å"Caught I was, foully” After this introduction, the speaker begins his â€Å"self-conf ession” about his skin color (line 4). It is ironic that this is called a self-confession since the speaker has nothing that he should arouse to confess since he has done nothing wrong. He warns the landlady that he is African, sort of of just informing her. â€Å"Caught I was, foully” he says after listening to the silence the landlady had responded with. I hate a wasted journeyâ€I am AfricanAgain, the word caught connotes that some wrong had been done, that the speaker was a criminal caught committing his crime. By making the speaker actually seem sorry for his skin color, Soyinka shows how ridiculous it really is for someone to apologize for his race. To modern horse opera thinkers, it seems roughly comical that anyone should be so submissive when he has committed no wrongdoing. ARE YOU DARK? OR VERY LIGHT? Her goodness is seemingly support new- forger on when the speaker says that she was â€Å"considerate” in rephrasing her question (line 17). Her r esponse to the callers question include only â€Å"light / Impersonality” (lines 20-21).Although she was described as being a wealthy woman, she was seemingly considerate and only slightly impersonal. The speaker seems almost grateful for her demeanor. Of course, these physical body descriptions of the woman are teeming with verbal irony. We know that she is being very shallowly judgmental til now while she is seeming to be so pleasant. The landlady, on the other hand, is described with nothing but domineering names. The speaker mentions her â€Å"good-breeding,” â€Å"lipstick coated” enunciate, â€Å" keen-sighted favourable-rolled/ overlyshie holder,” all possessions that should make her a respectable lady (lines 7-9).These words describing her wealth are neutral in regard to her personal character, but allow that she could be a good person. â€Å"How dark? ,” After record the all-important question, â€Å"How dark? ,” the poem d iscovers for a af confinesath and describes the surroundings to give a sense of existence that shows that the ridiculous question had really been asked (line 10). The speaker describes the buttons in the phone booth, the foul smell that seems to al guidances coexist with public spaces, and a bus driving by outside. His description gives us an cooking stove of where the speaker is laid: a public phone booth, believably someplace in the United Kingdom.The â€Å" redness booth,” â€Å"Red pillar-box,” and â€Å"Red double-tiered / Omnibus” are all things that one superpower find in Leeds, the British city in which Soyinka had been studying prior to writing this poem). In humanitarian to the literal images that this description creates, a sense of the ira surpassning through the speakers mind is portrayed by the repeated use of the word red. This technique is the adjacent that that the speaker ever comes to openly showing provoke in the poem. Although it is hidden with seemingly polite language, a glimpse of the speakers anger appears in this quick pause in the converse.In the end, the landlady repeats her question and the speaker is forced to break how dark he is. â€Å"West African sepia,” he says, citing his passport . She claims not to know what that means. She wants a quantitative expression of his darkness. His response, feigning simplicity is that his face is â€Å"brunette,” his men and feet â€Å"peroxide blonde” and his fundament â€Å"raven black”. He knows that she just wants a round of his general skin-color so that she can categorize him, but he refuses to give it to her. Instead he details the different colors of different parts of his body. wouldnt you kinda / regard for yourself? ” As it was meant to, this greatly annoys the landlady and she hangs up on him. In closing, he asks the because empty telephone line, â€Å"wouldnt you rather / See for yourself? ” The spea ker, s till playing his ignorance of what the lady was real asking, sounds as though he is asking whether the landlady would like to meet him in person to judge his skin color for herself. The irony in this question, though, lies in the accompaniment that we know the speaker is actually referring to his black bottom when he asks the woman if she wants to see it for herself. stock-still feigning politeness, the speaker offers to show his backside to the racist landlady. Throughout the poem, moreover another form of irony is created by the speakers use of high diction, which shows his education. Although the landlady refuses to rent an apartment to him because of his African inheritance and the supposed savagery that accompanies it, the speaker is cl primal a well educated individual(a). Words like â€Å"pipped,” â€Å"rancid,” and â€Å"spectroscopical” are not words that a savage brute would need in his vocabulary (lines 9, 12, 23).The speakers light is fu rther shown through his use of sarcasm and wit in response to the landladys questions. Although he pretends politeness the entire time, he includes subtle meanings in his speech. The fact that a black man could outwit and make a white woman seem foolish shows the irony in judging people based on their skin color. Wole Soyinkas â€Å"Telephone Conversation” is packed with subtleties. The puns, irony, and sarcasm employed help him to show the ridiculousness of racism. The conversation we observe is comical, as is the entire notion that a man can be judged based on the color of his skin.Night Rain John Pepper Clark-Bekederemo was born at Kiagbodo in the Ijaw country in 1935. For a while he worked as a newspaper editor, before going to Princeton University in the United States where he was a Parvin Fellow. On his return to Nigeria he became a Research Fellow at the University of lbadan. He spent ten eld as editor of the extremely influential literary magazine Black Orpheus. H e then moved to the University of Lagos, as Professor and full stop of Department. He took voluntary retirement in 1980 to allow time for his research and creative endeavours.He set up the graduation repertory Theatre in the country, PEC Repertory Theatre. A poet, playwright and essayist, Clark-Bekederemo has been a prolific author. His writings include a book of critical essays, the States their the States, a collection of literary essays, The Example of Shakespeare, and a highly acclaimed translation of the Ozidi Saga. He has published legion(predicate) volumes of poetry including A Reed in the soar, which is said to have been the first by a one African poet to be published internationally (rather than in an anthology. His poetry is inspired a great deal by his cultural roots among the Ijaw people of Nigeria. different volumes of poetry include Casualties, which came out in 1970 just after the Nigerian Civil War, A hug drug of Tongues, State of the Union, and a sixth boo k of poems, Mandela and other poems. JP Clark remains a controversial figure in some respects, but there is no skeptical his prowess as a poet. Nigerian poet and playwright; he originally published under the boot of J. P. Clark. Poetry is the genre in which he is probably most successful as an artist.His poetic whole shebang are rimes (1961), a group of forty lyrics that enshroud heterogeneous themes; A Reed in the Tide (1965), occasional poems that focus on the poets endemical African setting and his travel experience in America and other places; Casualties: Poems 1966-68 (1970), which illustrates the horrendous events of the Nigeria-Biafra war; A go of Tongues (1981), a collection of seventy-four poems, all exclude out ‘Epilogue to Casualties (dedicated to Michael Echeruo) His poetic career spans three literary pedigrees: the apprenticeship stage of trial and experimentation, exemplified by much(prenominal) juvenilia as ‘Darkness and Light and ‘Iddo Bri dge; the imitative stage, in which he appropriates such Western poetic conventions as the couplet measure and the sonnet sequence, exemplified in such lyrics as ‘To a Fallen Soldier and ‘Of Faith, and the individualized stage, in which he attains the adulthood and originality of form of such poems as ‘Night Rain, ‘ stunned of the Tower, and ‘Song. While his poetic themes centre on strength and protest (Casualties), institutional corruption (State of the Union), the beauty of personality and the landscape (A Reed in the Tide), European colonialism (‘Ivbie in Poems), and humanitys inhumanity (Mandela and Other Poems), he draws his imagery from the indigenous African background and the Western literary tradition, interweaving them to crying(a) effect. Although he is fascinated by the poetic styles of Western authors, particularly G. M. Hopkins, T. S. Eliot, W. B. Yeats, and W. H. Auden, he has cultivated an eloquent, penetrating, and descriptive voice of his own.Bekederemos dramas include Song of a Goat (1961), a tragedy cast in the Greek classic mode in which the impotence of Zifa, the protagonist, causes his wife Ebiere and his companion Tonye to indulge in an illicit love blood that results in suicide. As one of Africas pre-eminent and distinguished authors, he has, since his retirement, act to play an active role in literary contests, a role in which he is increasingly gaining deserved international recognition. In 1991, for example, he received the Nigerian National Merit trophy for literary excellence and saw publication, by Howard University, of his two definitive volumes, The Ozidi Saga and Collected Plays and Poems 1958-1988. Chinua Achebes â€Å"Refugee fuss and youngster”The stupefy has always held a supreme position in all religions. In Islam, she holds the first,second and third places. In Hinduism, the Mother and Motherland are deemed greater than heaven. In Christianity, the right of â€Å"g iving birth divinely” was also reach over to a woman. The image of Madonna with her child is supposed to be the highest paradigm of start outhood one can envisage . Here ,Chinua Achebe states that even that image could not surpass the picture of a pay back expressing tenderness for a son she would soon have to forget. It is the most poignant impression ones imagination and reposition can ever perceive. The prescribed poem is titled â€Å"Refugee Mother and Child”.The adjective ‘refugee assumes different meanings in this context. One, the mother in question may be a refugee. Besides, one who flees from danger, and is in a ready and protective circle is also called a ‘refugee. In this regard, the baby is a refugee, and his refuge is his mothers womb till he comes out to this cruel world. Another adaptation would be the mother finding refuge from the public of the devastation of her son in a arrive at world. The air held a nausea of coarse children wi th traces of diarrhea,and the fetor of the emanations post-delivery. The rawness of the struggle to attain motherhood is depicted as the poet states: The air was heavy with odors f diarrhea of unwashed children with washed-out ribs and dried-up bottoms struggling in big(a) steps female genitalia blown empty bellies. Mothers there had long ceased to care, as the poignancy of the situation of the refugees had reached their strength point. But this one still held her own. She donned a touch modality smile. The situation is scary because the new-born is dead and the smile seems ghastly. The term ‘ghost smile may also signify that the lady held a ‘ghost of a smile that once was real. outright that the genuine reason for the smile is preoccupied, it may be termed as a ‘ghost of a smile. ‘ Her eyeball also looked super-focussed as it held the ghost of a mothers pride.She combs ,with paternal affection, the hair on his ‘skull. Note that it is ‘sk ull and not ‘head as the baby is impoverished, and dead. Her eye appeared to sing a lullaby, as she parts the sons hair. In an otherwise situation, this act would be of little consequence; another everyday affair before breakfast or school. Here,however, it happens to stand for the hold display of maternal affection and is therefore equal to â€Å"putting flowers on a tiny grave. ” If You compulsion to Know Me By Noemia de Sousa My apologies for the long drought without a FUUO poet of the week. Noemia de Sousa (aka Vera Micaia) was born in 1927 in Maputo, Mozambique.She lived in capital of Portugal functional as a translator from 1951 to 1964 and then she left wing for Paris where she worked for the local anaesthetic consulate of Morocco. She went back to capital of Portugal in 1975 and became member of the ANOP. In the early years of the liberation struggle she was very active. She later left and lived in exile. Noemia racial background was Portuguese and Bantu a nd in much of her poetry she explores the idea of Africa and her heritage. Her poem below is phenomenal. It’s angry and inspired and that final stanzaâ€where she proffers her body as a medium for Africa’s struggle for freedomâ€wow, powerful. And she ends her poem without a period, perchance because her last word is ‘hope’ and what is more encouraging than an undefined end? 1926â€2002), Mozambican poet and writer. Carolina Noemia Abranches de Sousa was born in the Mozambican capital, Lourenco Marques (now Maputo), the child of two mixed-race parents, roughly cubic decimetre years before her countrys liberation from Portugal. She was proud that her background included German, Portuguese, and Goan (Indian) ancestors as well as Ronga and Makua from Mozambique. Her early education was in Maputo, though after her draw died she was not able to attend an academic high school. She trained at a commercial school, tuition to type and do stenography, bu t she also pursue more traditional academic subjects and studied side and French.De Sousas first job was working at a local business as a secretary, troth she took in order to support her mother. She published her first poem, â€Å"O irmao negro” (The Black Brother), in the local literary magazine Mocidade (Youth) when she was nineteen. She was then known as Carolina Abranches , so she disguised her identity by print under the initials N. S. E. , referring to her unused names of Noemia de Sousa. She soon began working for the Associacao Africana (African Association), a political group that included the far-famed Mozambican poet Jose Craveirinha , and she was responsible for reviving the associations militant newspaper, O Brado Africano (The African Call).She wrote several well-received and much anthologized poems through the late 1940s, though after 1951 she no longer wrote poetry, with the expulsion of a commemorative poem following the death of independent Mozambiques first president, Samora Machel , in an airplane crash in 1986. Her early poems are often cited as representative of the Negritude school of writing, extolling black African floriculture and history, though she was writing in isolation from the known French school of Negritude. Her poems celebrated Mozambican culture and history. One of the most often cited is a poem about migrant workers in South Africas gold and diamond mines, â€Å"Magaica” (â€Å"Migrant Laborer”) which concludes: ” Youth and health, the lost illusions which will shine like stars on some Ladys neck in some Citys night. â€Å"Her celebration of â€Å"my mother Africa” (in the poem â€Å"Sangue negro” [â€Å"Black Blood”] is continued in â€Å"Se me quiseres conhecer … ,” [â€Å"If You Want to Know Me”], which has a catalog of Mozambican lives: ” If you want to understand me come, braid over this soul of Africa in the black dockworkers groans t he Chopes frenzied dances the Changanas’ rebellion [ … ] ” And she was appreciated for her cries for liberation, as with these closing lines from â€Å"Poema de Joao” (â€Å"The Poem of Joao”): â€Å"who can subscribe to the multitude and lock it in a cage? ” In 1951 she moved to Portugal to be given the vigilance of the Portuguese secret police, who were inte symmetricalnessed in her work at O Brado Africano. In Portugal she met and espouse her husband, Gaspar Soares, in 1962. The couple moved to France, where de Sousa worked as a journalist under the pen name Vera Micaia.She returned to Portugal and was lively there when she died in 2002. I Thank You perfection Bernard Binlin Dadie Bernard Binlin Dadie (or sometimes Bernard Dadie) (born 1916 near Abidjan) is a prolific Ivorian novelist, playwright, poet, and ex-administrator. Among many other senior positions, starting in 1957, he held the post of Minister of Culture in the political s ympathies of Cote dIvoire from 1977 to 1986. He worked for the French government in Dakar, Senegal, but on returning to his homeland in 1947, became part of its movement for independence. Before Cote dIvoires independence in 1960, he was detained for sixteen months for taking part in demonstrations which argue the French colonial government.In his writing, influenced by his experiences of colonialism as a child, Dadie attempts to connect the messages of traditional African folktales with the contemporary world. With Germain Coffi Gadeau and F. J. Amon dAby, he founded the Cercle Culturel et Folklorique de la Cote dIvoire (CCFCI) in 1953. [1] His humanism and desire for the comparison and independence of Africans and their culture is also prevalent. Famous for his work I Thank You, paragon â€Å"I give thanks you God for creating me black, For having made me the total of all sorrows, and set upon my head The World. I wear the lively of the Centaur And I carry the world since the first morning. white-hot is a colour improvised for an occasion Black, the colour of all days And I carry the World since the first evening.I am happy with the shape of my head fashioned to carry the World, well-to-do With the shape of my nose, which should breathe all the air of the World, happy With the form of my legs prepared to run through all the stages of the World. I thank you God for creating me black For making of me Porter of all sorrows.. Still I am well-chosen to carry the World, Glad of my short arms Of my long arms Of the oppressiveness of my lips.. I thank you God for creating me black White is a colour for special occasions Black the colour for every day And i have carried the World since the dawn of time And my laugh over the World, through the night, creates the Day. I thank you, God for creating me blackGabriel Okaras â€Å" erst Upon a time” â€Å"Once Upon a epoch” has been published in the Edexcel GCSE anthology. In â€Å"Once Upon a cli pping”, Gabriel Okara speaks of a time when Africans were rooted in the simplicity of tradition and minimalism of sophistication; and how different they have turned out to be with the advent of colonialism. The very title â€Å"Once Upon a Time” points to a fairy tale existence long ago that is almost deemed unbelievable â€Å"Once Upon a Time” they used to laugh with their hearts and eyes in complete sincerity. A smile, if natural, first reaches the eyes. wherefore Okara portrays fake, unfelt smiles. A smile is the first greeting a person is received with.If the greeting itself is deceptive; the rest is to be regarded with great suspicion. â€Å"Once Upon a Time” they were children in the lap of nature . However, now they have turned into processed products of the pseudo modern existence. They now laugh mechanically with their dentition and ice-block cold eyes. The term ‘ice-block cold eyes is very suggestive of death and stagnation. It also deno tes lack of communication. Pictorial vehemence suggests the lurking hypocrisy. The people only ‘search behind the speakers rear end. Okara means to say that every action is analyzed and every motive criticized. Also, they are satisfied with the shadow of the person in question, and do not seek the identity of the persona.This points to the current media policy that thrust the shells of various personalities without delving to their depth. They fail to comprehend the enigma behind each unique individual. The poet moves from expression to action. Now they have hands ‘without hearts as their left hand probes the speakers pockets. throng do not go out of their way to help others now-a-days. Instead, influenced by the Western formula of success, they take advantage of others to reach their end. The poet evokes that immersed in the crowd, he has also become a cog in the rhythm of society. Like Kamala Das echoes in her poem â€Å"Fancy-Dress fate”, the poet claims that he has learnt to adorn different faces to suit the situation- homeface, officeface, streetface, hostface, ocktailface, with all their conforming smiles like a fixed enactment smile. The third stanza portrays the hiatus between words explicit and bitter reality. The divorce between the intention and tell is explicit. The poet has also learnt o say â€Å"Good offer” when he means â€Å"Good Riddance” The shut door stands for modern insularity: it foregrounds the alienation of the individual from tradition, tribe and clan. . The speaker tells his son that he wants to larn everything and be like him. He seems to echo that :”Child is the father of man”. Okara ,in other words, would like to go down to his roots. The man distrusts even his mirror image, his coefficient of reflection: for my laugh in the mirror hows only my teeth like a snakes bare fangs! The poisonous knowledge is implicit in his own state of being. The poet opines that pure simplici ty and naturalness can only be found in childhood, and relived in the same. The Call of the River conical buoy is a similar celebration of lost innocence David Rubadiris â€Å"A Negro Labourer in Liverpool” An epitome of David Rubadiris â€Å"A Negro Labourer in Liverpool” The poem strives to highlight the prosecute of a Negro laborer in Liverpool. The equivocal article ‘a’ points to the lack of a specific identity. They are just one among a group, one of the community, who do not inescapably possess any individual identity.They are denominate according to their work(labourer)or corresponding to their geographical location. The poet himself hints at the nonchalance of society as a whole to the plight of the labourer as he states that he ‘passes’ him. He slouches on dark backstreet pavements. His ‘marginalization’ is evident in his position ’slouching’. Further, it is also emphasized in his being side-stepped on the pavements. Again the pavement is qualified by the phrase ’dark backstreet’. The head is ‘bowed’ when it would have preferred to be straight. He is overcome with travail and totally exhausted. He is a dark shadow amongst other shadows. He has no unique identity, his life is not colourful.The poet asserts that he has lifted his face to his, as in acknowledgement. Their eyes met but on his dark Negro face. The poet probably refers to the reflection of the speaker’s eyes in the eyes of the labourer. The eyes are foregrounded on his dark face. There is no delighted smile as he wears a hopeless expression. The sun is an important and recurrent motif in African poetry. A wise man once said that a man is poor if he does not have a penny; he is poor if he does not possess a dream. The labourer here neither has hope nor longing. solitary(prenominal) the mechanical ‘cowed dart of eyes’ that is more motorise than the impassive activity of the people. People in their ‘impassive’ fast-forward life fail to notice the labourer.He painfully searches for a face to comprehend his predicament, acknowledge his suffering. It expresses his utter privacy and utter desperation. Capitalism & Women academy. Mises. org Feminists Should Thank Capitalists. Mises Academy Course. Enroll Today! Ads by Google Notice that the poet shifts from the indefinite article ‘a’ to the definite article ‘the’ in addressing the Negro labourer in the second stanza. It is to assert and affirm his existence in society that the poet does the same. David Rubadiri goes on to describe him in terms of his motherland; and in terms of his emotions: ’a heart heavy’. He bears a century’s oppression that had want after an identity.He strives to attain the fire of manhood. But ironically, even in the Land of the free (England), he is ineffective to attain the same. Nevertheless, the free here are also dead, in a state of decay and stagnation, for they too grope for a light, a ray of hope. The speaker puts forward the question: Will the sun That greeted him from his mother’s womb Ever shine again? Not here- Here his hope is the shovel. And his fulfillment sufferance He awaits a new dawn, as fair as that promised as he arose from his mother’s womb. He longs for the rays of hope of a sun that will never set for him. Presently his hope is his shovel-his hard work, and he discovers content in its fulfillment.\r\n'