Benito Mussolini :: essays research papers

Benito Mussolini was born on July 29, 1883 in Predappio. The son of a blacksmith he was largely self-educated. He became a schoolteacher and a collectivist journalist in northern Italy. In 1910 he married Rachele Guidi who aegir his five children. Mussolini was jailed in 1911 for his opposition to Italys war in Libya.Soon later on his release in 1912 he became editor of the collective newsprint in Milan, "Avanti". When WWI began in 1914 Mussolini advocated Italys entrance into the war on the allied side and was expelled from the socialist party. He then started his own newspaper in Milan, Il Popolo dItalia (The People of Italy) which later became the origin of the fascistic Movement. In 1916 Mussolini enlisted in the military. After his promotion to sergeant he was injure and in 1917 he returned to his paper.During the Chaos that Gripped Italy after the war Mussolinis run grew swiftly. Mussolini and other war veterans founded Fasci di Combattimento in March of 1919. T his Nationalistic antisocialist movement attracted often of the lower middle class and took its name from the Fasces, an ancient symbol of papistical discipline. The Fascist movement grew rapidly in the 1920s, spreading through the countryside where its Black Shirt Militia won support of the land owners and attacked nestling leagues of Socialist Supporters. To take advantage of the opportunity Fascism shed its sign Republicanism gaining the support of the King and Army. On October 28, 1922 Mussolini led his Fascist March on Rome. Mussolini was immediately invited to form the Italian Government by King original Emmanuel III. Although Mussolini was given extraordinary powers to return order to Italy he governed constitutionally until 1924 after the violence of the 1924 elections resulting in the death of Socialist party deputy Giacomo Mattoetti. Mussolini move to suspend constitutional government and establish a totalitarian regime. He proceeded in stages to establish a dictator ship by forbidding the sevens to initiate legislation, making him responsible to the king alone. By 1926 he had passed decrees result him the force of law, establishing total censorship of the press and suppressing all opposition parties. In 1929 Mussolini made one of his greatest diplomatic triumphs when he concluded the Lateran conformity between Italy and the Holy See. This settled the 60-year controversy concerning the power of the Pope at bottom the Italian State. In 1933 Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany and was